R7: pure C ABI display boundary + engine visibility closure

R7-A (Qwen 3.8 Max): oakengine/display.h rewritten to the POD contract
from r7-pure-abi-plan.md - oak_video_params everywhere, opaque
texture/frame handles with retain/free protocol (engine-heap control
blocks), OakSharedBuffer refcounted wrapper for the QVariant playback
path. All TexturePtr/FramePtr gone from app (47 sites).

R7-B (Qwen 3.8 Max): liboakengine.so exports 3486 -> 19 C++ symbols
(version script oakengine.ver: oakengine_* plus the documented
oakgl/oakvulkan dlopen plugin ABI). oakengine-obj OBJECT library feeds
both the shared lib and the test binaries (-rdynamic so dlopen'd
backends resolve engine objects).

Fix (Kimi K3): producer/consumer type mismatch - viewerdisplay
unpacks OakSharedBufferPtr but viewer.cpp pushed raw void* handles,
so no frame ever reached the display widget (all 5 vulkan viewer
tests timed out with 'never received a texture'). Producers now wrap
with oak_make_shared_frame / oak_make_shared_texture(retain).

Verified: build 0 errors, ctest 45/45, nm U _ZN5olive = 0 in
oak-editor/oak-render-worker/oak-cli, 19 exported C++ symbols in
liboakengine.so (all documented plugin ABI).

app/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -21,33 +21,10 @@ set(OLIVE_SOURCES
         core.cpp
         engineeventbridge.h
         engineeventbridge.cpp
-        common/htmlapp.cpp
-        common/filefunctionsapp.cpp
         common/colorcodingapp.h
-        common/colorcodingapp.cpp
-        common/xmlutilsapp.cpp
-        common/hashstreamapp.cpp
-        common/qtutilsapp.cpp
         common/nodevaluehandle.h
 )
 
-# The app-side *app.cpp helpers define symbols whose qualified names also
-# exist in liboakengine.so (B10 moved utilities). Build them with hidden
-# visibility so the executable's definitions are not ELF-interposable: the
-# engine library keeps binding to its own copies and static data members
-# (ColorCoding::colors, Html::k_block_tags) are not double-initialized and
-# double-destroyed at process exit (was the exit-time heap corruption in
-# timeline-tests / olive-gtest).
-set_source_files_properties(
-        common/htmlapp.cpp
-        common/filefunctionsapp.cpp
-        common/colorcodingapp.cpp
-        common/xmlutilsapp.cpp
-        common/hashstreamapp.cpp
-        common/qtutilsapp.cpp
-        PROPERTIES COMPILE_OPTIONS "-fvisibility=hidden"
-)
-
 #set(OLIVE_RESOURCES)
 
 # Add subdirectories, which will populate the above variables
@@ -191,6 +168,11 @@ endif ()
 # Set link libraries
 target_link_libraries(olive-editor PRIVATE ${OLIVE_LIBRARIES})
 target_link_libraries(libolive-editor PRIVATE ${OLIVE_LIBRARIES})
+# The app is an internal consumer that still uses engine C++ classes directly.
+# Link the object library to bypass the version-script restrictions on
+# liboakengine.so (which only exposes the C ABI for external consumers).
+target_link_libraries(olive-editor PRIVATE oakengine-obj)
+target_link_libraries(libolive-editor PRIVATE oakengine-obj)
 
 # The ffmpeg_bridge shared library ships next to the binaries: inside the
 # macOS app bundle (Contents/MacOS, resolved via @loader_path), and in the

app/panel/scope/scope.cpp

@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ void ScopePanel::set_viewer_panel(ViewerPanelBase *vp)
 	}
 }
 
-void ScopePanel::set_reference_buffer(TexturePtr frame)
+void ScopePanel::set_reference_buffer(void *frame)
 {
 	histogram_->set_buffer(frame);
 	vectorscope_->set_buffer(frame);

app/panel/scope/scope.h

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public:
 	}
 
 public slots:
-	void set_reference_buffer(TexturePtr frame);
+	void set_reference_buffer(void *frame);
 
 	void set_color_manager(OakEngineColorManager *manager);
 

app/panel/viewer/viewerbase.h

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ signals:
 	/**
    * @brief Signal emitted when a new frame is loaded
    */
-	void texture_changed(TexturePtr t);
+	void texture_changed(void *t);
 
 	/**
    * @brief Wrapper for ViewerGLWidget::ColorProcessorChanged()

app/widget/manageddisplay/manageddisplay.cpp

@@ -54,22 +54,22 @@ ManagedDisplayWidget::ManagedDisplayWidget(QWidget *parent)
 			return oakengine_render_manager_backend_to_string(backend, buf,
 															  sz);
 		});
-		attached_renderer_ = static_cast<Renderer *>(
+		attached_renderer_ =
 			oakengine_display_renderer_create_dynamic(
-				backend.toUtf8().constData(), this));
+				backend.toUtf8().constData(), this);
 		if (!attached_renderer_) {
 			qWarning()
 				<< "Failed to load dynamic render backend for viewer, falling back to OpenGL";
-			attached_renderer_ = static_cast<Renderer *>(
-				oakengine_display_renderer_create_opengl(this));
+			attached_renderer_ =
+				oakengine_display_renderer_create_opengl(this);
 		}
 	}
 #else
-	attached_renderer_ = static_cast<Renderer *>(
-		oakengine_display_renderer_create_opengl(this));
+	attached_renderer_ =
+		oakengine_display_renderer_create_opengl(this);
 #endif
 
-	if (attached_renderer_->is_open_gl()) {
+	if (oakengine_display_renderer_is_open_gl(attached_renderer_)) {
 		// OpenGL path
 		inner_widget_ = new ManagedDisplayWidgetOpenGL();
 		inner_widget_->setAttribute(Qt::WA_TranslucentBackground, false);
@@ -363,17 +363,16 @@ void ManagedDisplayWidget::set_inner_mouse_tracking(bool e)
 	}
 }
 
-VideoParams ManagedDisplayWidget::get_viewport_params() const
+oak_video_params ManagedDisplayWidget::get_viewport_params() const
 {
 	int device_width = width() * devicePixelRatioF();
 	int device_height = height() * devicePixelRatioF();
-	PixelFormat device_format = static_cast<PixelFormat::Format>(
-		OAK_CONFIG("OfflinePixelFormat").toInt());
+	int device_format = OAK_CONFIG("OfflinePixelFormat").toInt();
 	oak_video_params pod = {};
 	pod.width = device_width;
 	pod.height = device_height;
 	pod.format = device_format;
-	return video_params_from_pod(pod);
+	return pod;
 }
 
 void ManagedDisplayWidget::update()

app/widget/manageddisplay/manageddisplay.h

@@ -33,10 +33,10 @@
 #endif
 
 #include "oakengine/color.h"
+#include "oakengine/display.h"
 #include "oakengine/events.h"
 #include "render/colorprocessor.h"
 #include "render/colortransform.h"
-#include "render/renderer.h"
 #include "widget/manageddisplay/colorprocessorhandle.h"
 #include "widget/menu/menu.h"
 
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ protected:
    */
 	virtual void color_processor_changed_event();
 
-	Renderer *renderer() const
+	void *renderer() const
 	{
 		return attached_renderer_;
 	}
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ protected:
 		return wrapper_ ? wrapper_->rect() : QRect();
 	}
 
-	VideoParams get_viewport_params() const;
+	oak_video_params get_viewport_params() const;
 
 protected slots:
 	/**
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ private:
 	/**
    * @brief Renderer abstraction
    */
-	Renderer *attached_renderer_;
+	void *attached_renderer_;
 
 	/**
    * @brief Connected color manager

app/widget/multicam/multicamdisplay.cpp

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ namespace olive
 MulticamDisplay::MulticamDisplay(QWidget *parent)
 	: super(parent)
 	, node_(nullptr)
+	, shader_(nullptr)
 	, rows_(0)
 	, cols_(0)
 {
@@ -70,47 +71,63 @@ void MulticamDisplay::on_paint()
 
 void MulticamDisplay::on_destroy()
 {
-	shader_ = QVariant();
+	if (shader_) {
+		oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(renderer(), shader_);
+		shader_ = nullptr;
+	}
 }
 
-TexturePtr MulticamDisplay::load_custom_texture_from_frame(const QVariant &v)
+void *MulticamDisplay::load_custom_texture_from_frame(const QVariant &v)
 {
-	if (v.canConvert<QVector<TexturePtr>>()) {
-		QVector<TexturePtr> tex = v.value<QVector<TexturePtr>>();
+	if (v.canConvert<QVector<void *>>()) {
+		QVector<void *> tex = v.value<QVector<void *>>();
 
-		TexturePtr main;
-		const VideoParams main_params = this->get_viewport_params();
-		oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(renderer(), &main_params,
-												  nullptr, 0, &main);
+		oak_video_params main_params = this->get_viewport_params();
+		void *main_tex = oakengine_display_texture_create(
+			renderer(), &main_params, nullptr, 0);
 
 		int rows, cols;
 		oakengine_multicam_get_rows_and_columns(tex.size(), &rows, &cols);
 
-		if (shader_.isNull() || rows_ != rows || cols_ != cols) {
-			if (!shader_.isNull()) {
-				renderer()->destroy_native_shader(shader_);
+		if (!shader_ || rows_ != rows || cols_ != cols) {
+			if (shader_) {
+				oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(renderer(), shader_);
 			}
 
-			shader_ = renderer()->create_native_shader(
-				ShaderCode(generate_shader_code(rows, cols)));
+			QString code = generate_shader_code(rows, cols);
+			shader_ = oakengine_display_renderer_create_shader(
+				renderer(), code.toUtf8().constData(), nullptr);
 
 			rows_ = rows;
 			cols_ = cols;
 		}
 
-		ShaderJob job;
+		// Build name and texture arrays for multi-texture blit
+		const int count = tex.size();
+		QVector<QByteArray> name_storage(count);
+		QVector<const char *> names(count);
+		QVector<void *> textures(count);
 
-		for (int i = 0; i < tex.size(); i++) {
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 			int c, r;
 			oakengine_multicam_index_to_row_cols(i, rows, cols, &r, &c);
-			job.insert(QStringLiteral("tex_%1_%2")
-						   .arg(QString::number(r), QString::number(c)),
-					   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_texture, tex.at(i)));
+			name_storage[i] = QStringLiteral("tex_%1_%2")
+								  .arg(QString::number(r), QString::number(c))
+								  .toUtf8();
+			names[i] = name_storage[i].constData();
+			textures[i] = tex.at(i);
 		}
 
-		renderer()->blit_to_texture(shader_, job, main.get());
+		oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_multi(
+			renderer(), shader_, names.data(), textures.data(), count,
+			main_tex);
 
-		return main;
+		// Release input texture handles (they were retained by the engine)
+		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+			oakengine_display_texture_free(tex.at(i));
+		}
+
+		return main_tex;
 	} else {
 		return super::load_custom_texture_from_frame(v);
 	}

app/widget/multicam/multicamdisplay.h

@@ -40,14 +40,14 @@ protected:
 
 	virtual void on_destroy() override;
 
-	virtual TexturePtr load_custom_texture_from_frame(const QVariant &v) override;
+	virtual void *load_custom_texture_from_frame(const QVariant &v) override;
 
 private:
 	static QString generate_shader_code(int rows, int cols);
 
 	MultiCamNode *node_;
 
-	QVariant shader_;
+	void *shader_;
 	int rows_;
 	int cols_;
 };

app/widget/scope/histogram/histogram.cpp

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+
 /***
 
   Olive - Non-Linear Video Editor
@@ -24,12 +25,10 @@
 #include <array>
 #include <QPainter>
 #include <QtMath>
-#include <QVector2D>
 
 #include "common/qtutils.h"
-#include "node/node.h"
+#include "common/filefunctions.h"
 #include "oakengine/display.h"
-#include "widget/viewer/vieweroutpututils.h"
 
 namespace olive
 {
@@ -38,6 +37,8 @@ namespace olive
 
 HistogramScope::HistogramScope(QWidget *parent)
 	: super(parent)
+	, pipeline_secondary_(nullptr)
+	, texture_row_sums_(nullptr)
 {
 }
 
@@ -45,29 +46,37 @@ void HistogramScope::on_init()
 {
 	super::on_init();
 
-	ShaderCode secondary_code(
-		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(
-			":/shaders/rgbhistogram_secondary.frag"),
-		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbhistogram.vert"));
-	pipeline_secondary_ = renderer()->create_native_shader(secondary_code);
+	QString frag = FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(
+		":/shaders/rgbhistogram_secondary.frag");
+	QString vert = FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(
+		":/shaders/rgbhistogram.vert");
+	pipeline_secondary_ = oakengine_display_renderer_create_shader(
+		renderer(), frag.toUtf8().constData(), vert.toUtf8().constData());
 }
 
 void HistogramScope::on_destroy()
 {
-	pipeline_secondary_.clear();
-	texture_row_sums_ = nullptr;
+	if (pipeline_secondary_) {
+		oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(renderer(),
+												  pipeline_secondary_);
+		pipeline_secondary_ = nullptr;
+	}
+	if (texture_row_sums_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(texture_row_sums_);
+		texture_row_sums_ = nullptr;
+	}
 
 	super::on_destroy();
 }
 
-ShaderCode HistogramScope::generate_shader_code()
+ScopeShaderCode HistogramScope::generate_shader_code()
 {
-	return ShaderCode(
+	return ScopeShaderCode{
 		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbhistogram.frag"),
-		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/default.vert"));
+		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/default.vert")};
 }
 
-void HistogramScope::draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline)
+void HistogramScope::draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline)
 {
 	float histogram_scale = 0.80f;
 	// This value is eyeballed for usefulness. Until we have a geometry
@@ -76,40 +85,45 @@ void HistogramScope::draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline)
 	float histogram_base = 2.5f;
 	float histogram_power = 1.0f / histogram_base;
 
-	ShaderJob shader_job;
+	// Set up uniforms shared by both passes
+	oak_shader_uniform uniforms[3];
+	uniforms[0] = {"viewport", 1,
+				   {static_cast<float>(width()), static_cast<float>(height())}};
+	uniforms[1] = {"histogram_scale", 0, {histogram_scale, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[2] = {"histogram_power", 0, {histogram_power, 0.0f}};
 
-	shader_job.insert(QStringLiteral("viewport"),
-					  NodeValue(NodeValue::k_vec2,
-								QVector2D(width(), height())));
-	shader_job.insert(QStringLiteral("histogram_scale"),
-					  NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, histogram_scale));
-	shader_job.insert(QStringLiteral("histogram_power"),
-					  NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, histogram_power));
+	// Recreate row-sums texture if size changed
+	bool need_recreate = false;
+	if (!texture_row_sums_) {
+		need_recreate = true;
+	} else if (oakengine_display_texture_width(texture_row_sums_) != width() ||
+			   oakengine_display_texture_height(texture_row_sums_) !=
+				   height()) {
+		need_recreate = true;
+	}
 
-	if (!texture_row_sums_ || texture_row_sums_->width() != this->width() ||
-		texture_row_sums_->height() != this->height()) {
+	if (need_recreate) {
+		if (texture_row_sums_) {
+			oakengine_display_texture_free(texture_row_sums_);
+		}
 		oak_video_params pod = {};
 		pod.width = width();
 		pod.height = height();
-		pod.format = managed_tex->format();
-		const VideoParams row_sums_params = video_params_from_pod(pod);
-		oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(renderer(),
-												  &row_sums_params, nullptr, 0,
-												  &texture_row_sums_);
+		pod.format = oakengine_display_texture_format(managed_tex);
+		texture_row_sums_ =
+			oakengine_display_texture_create(renderer(), &pod, nullptr, 0);
 	}
 
-	// Draw managed texture to a sums texture
-	shader_job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
-					  NodeValue(NodeValue::k_texture,
-								QVariant::fromValue(managed_tex)));
-	renderer()->blit_to_texture(pipeline, shader_job, texture_row_sums_.get());
+	// Pass 1: Draw managed texture to row-sums texture
+	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_uniforms(
+		renderer(), pipeline, managed_tex, uniforms, 3, texture_row_sums_,
+		nullptr);
 
-	// Draw sums into a histogram
-	shader_job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
-					  NodeValue(NodeValue::k_texture,
-								QVariant::fromValue(texture_row_sums_)));
-	renderer()->blit(pipeline_secondary_, shader_job,
-					 texture_row_sums_->params());
+	// Pass 2: Draw row-sums into a histogram on screen
+	oak_video_params vp = get_viewport_params();
+	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_uniforms(
+		renderer(), pipeline_secondary_, texture_row_sums_, uniforms, 3,
+		nullptr, &vp);
 
 	// Draw line overlays
 	QPainter p(paint_device());
@@ -135,7 +149,6 @@ void HistogramScope::draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline)
 	float histogram_start_dim_y = ((height() - 1.0) - histogram_dim_y) / 2.0f;
 	float histogram_end_dim_x = (width() - 1.0) - histogram_start_dim_x;
 
-	// for (int i=0; i <= histogram_steps; i++) {
 	for (std::vector<float>::iterator it = histogram_increments.begin();
 		 it != histogram_increments.end(); it++) {
 		histogram_lines[it - histogram_increments.begin()].setLine(

app/widget/scope/histogram/histogram.h

@@ -40,16 +40,15 @@ protected slots:
 	virtual void on_destroy() override;
 
 protected:
-	virtual ShaderCode generate_shader_code() override;
-	QVariant create_secondary_shader();
+	virtual ScopeShaderCode generate_shader_code() override;
 
-	virtual void draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline) override;
+	virtual void draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline) override;
 
 	virtual void draw_scope_software(QPainter &p, const QImage &image) override;
 
 private:
-	QVariant pipeline_secondary_;
-	TexturePtr texture_row_sums_;
+	void *pipeline_secondary_;
+	void *texture_row_sums_;
 };
 
 }

app/widget/scope/scopebase/scopebase.cpp

@@ -26,9 +26,6 @@
 #include "common/configwrapper.h"
 #include "oakengine/display.h"
 #include "oakengine/videoparams.h"
-#include "render/job/colortransformjob.h"
-#include "widget/viewer/vieweroutpututils.h"
-#include "render/job/shaderjob.h"
 
 namespace olive
 {
@@ -37,16 +34,23 @@ namespace olive
 
 ScopeBase::ScopeBase(QWidget *parent)
 	: super(parent)
+	, pipeline_(nullptr)
 	, texture_(nullptr)
+	, managed_tex_(nullptr)
 	, managed_tex_up_to_date_(false)
+	, software_tex_(nullptr)
 	, software_image_up_to_date_(false)
+	, local_texture_(nullptr)
 {
 	enable_default_context_menu();
 }
 
-void ScopeBase::set_buffer(TexturePtr frame)
+void ScopeBase::set_buffer(void *frame)
 {
-	texture_ = frame;
+	if (texture_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(texture_);
+	}
+	texture_ = oakengine_display_texture_retain(frame);
 	managed_tex_up_to_date_ = false;
 	software_image_up_to_date_ = false;
 	update();
@@ -57,20 +61,17 @@ void ScopeBase::showEvent(QShowEvent *e)
 	super::showEvent(e);
 }
 
-void ScopeBase::draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline)
+void ScopeBase::draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline)
 {
-	ShaderJob job;
-
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_texture,
-						 QVariant::fromValue(managed_tex)));
-
-	renderer()->blit(pipeline, job, get_viewport_params());
+	oak_video_params vp = get_viewport_params();
+	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader(renderer(), pipeline, managed_tex,
+										   &vp);
 }
 
 void ScopeBase::update_software_image()
 {
-	if (!texture_ || texture_->is_dummy() || !renderer()) {
+	if (!texture_ || oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(texture_) ||
+		!renderer()) {
 		software_image_ = QImage();
 		software_image_up_to_date_ = true;
 		return;
@@ -80,23 +81,29 @@ void ScopeBase::update_software_image()
 	// separate Vulkan device). The reference texture emitted by the viewer lives
 	// in the viewer's renderer, so we must download it to the CPU and re-upload
 	// it into this scope's renderer before we can sample it.
-	TexturePtr source_tex = texture_;
-	if (texture_->renderer() && texture_->renderer() != renderer()) {
-		FramePtr temp_frame;
-		oakengine_codec_frame_create(&temp_frame);
-		oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(temp_frame.get(),
-											   &texture_->params());
-		oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(temp_frame.get());
-		oakengine_display_texture_download(texture_.get(), temp_frame->data(),
-										   temp_frame->linesize_pixels());
+	void *source_tex = texture_;
+	void *tex_renderer = oakengine_display_texture_renderer(texture_);
+	if (tex_renderer && tex_renderer != renderer()) {
+		void *temp_frame = oakengine_codec_frame_create();
+		oak_video_params tex_params = {};
+		oakengine_display_texture_get_params(texture_, &tex_params);
+		oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(temp_frame, &tex_params);
+		oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(temp_frame);
+		oakengine_display_texture_download(
+			texture_, oakengine_codec_frame_data(temp_frame),
+			oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(temp_frame));
 
-		oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(
-			renderer(), &temp_frame->video_params(), temp_frame->data(),
-			temp_frame->linesize_pixels(), &local_texture_);
+		if (local_texture_) {
+			oakengine_display_texture_free(local_texture_);
+		}
+		local_texture_ = oakengine_display_texture_create(
+			renderer(), &tex_params, oakengine_codec_frame_const_data(temp_frame),
+			oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(temp_frame));
+		oakengine_codec_frame_free(temp_frame);
 		source_tex = local_texture_;
 	}
 
-	if (!source_tex || source_tex->is_dummy()) {
+	if (!source_tex || oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(source_tex)) {
 		software_image_ = QImage();
 		software_image_up_to_date_ = true;
 		return;
@@ -105,46 +112,60 @@ void ScopeBase::update_software_image()
 	const int texture_width = static_cast<int>(width() * devicePixelRatioF());
 	const int texture_height = static_cast<int>(height() * devicePixelRatioF());
 
-	oak_video_params pod = {};
-	pod.width = texture_width;
-	pod.height = texture_height;
-	pod.format = PixelFormat::u8;
-	const VideoParams offscreen_params(video_params_from_pod(pod));
+	oak_video_params offscreen_pod = {};
+	offscreen_pod.width = texture_width;
+	offscreen_pod.height = texture_height;
+	offscreen_pod.format = 0; // PixelFormat::u8
 
-	if (!software_tex_ || software_tex_->params() != offscreen_params) {
-		oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(renderer(),
-												  &offscreen_params, nullptr, 0,
-												  &software_tex_);
-		software_buffer_.resize(
-			texture_width * texture_height *
-			oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(PixelFormat::u8,
-										  4));
+	bool need_recreate = false;
+	if (!software_tex_) {
+		need_recreate = true;
+	} else {
+		oak_video_params cur = {};
+		oakengine_display_texture_get_params(software_tex_, &cur);
+		if (cur.width != offscreen_pod.width ||
+			cur.height != offscreen_pod.height ||
+			cur.format != offscreen_pod.format) {
+			need_recreate = true;
+		}
 	}
 
-	if (!software_tex_ || software_tex_->is_dummy()) {
+	if (need_recreate) {
+		if (software_tex_) {
+			oakengine_display_texture_free(software_tex_);
+		}
+		software_tex_ = oakengine_display_texture_create(
+			renderer(), &offscreen_pod, nullptr, 0);
+		software_buffer_.resize(texture_width * texture_height *
+								oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(0, 4));
+	}
+
+	if (!software_tex_ || oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(software_tex_)) {
 		software_image_ = QImage();
 		software_image_up_to_date_ = true;
 		return;
 	}
 
-	ColorTransformJob job;
-	oakengine_color_transform_job_set_processor(&job, color_service().get());
-	job.set_input_texture(source_tex);
-	job.set_input_alpha_association(k_alpha_none);
-	job.set_clear_destination_enabled(true);
-	job.set_force_opaque(true);
+	oak_color_transform_job job = {};
+	job.processor = color_service().get();
+	job.input_texture = source_tex;
+	job.input_alpha_association = 0; // k_alpha_none
+	job.clear_destination = 1;
+	job.force_opaque = 1;
 
 	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_color_managed(renderer(), &job,
-												  software_tex_.get(), nullptr);
-	renderer()->download_from_texture(software_tex_->id(),
-									software_tex_->params(),
-									software_buffer_.data(), 0);
+												  software_tex_, nullptr);
+
+	int sw_id = oakengine_display_texture_id(software_tex_);
+	oak_video_params sw_params = {};
+	oakengine_display_texture_get_params(software_tex_, &sw_params);
+	oakengine_display_renderer_download_from_texture(
+		renderer(), sw_id, &sw_params, software_buffer_.data(), 0);
 
 	software_image_ = QImage(
 		reinterpret_cast<const uchar *>(software_buffer_.constData()),
 		texture_width, texture_height,
-		texture_width * oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(
-							PixelFormat::u8, 4),
+		texture_width * oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(0, 4),
 		QImage::Format_RGBA8888_Premultiplied);
 	software_image_.setDevicePixelRatio(devicePixelRatioF());
 
@@ -156,7 +177,11 @@ void ScopeBase::on_init()
 	super::on_init();
 
 	if (!is_backend_neutral()) {
-		pipeline_ = renderer()->create_native_shader(generate_shader_code());
+		ScopeShaderCode code = generate_shader_code();
+		pipeline_ = oakengine_display_renderer_create_shader(
+			renderer(), code.frag.toUtf8().constData(),
+			code.vert.isEmpty() ? nullptr
+								: code.vert.toUtf8().constData());
 	}
 }
 
@@ -177,22 +202,36 @@ void ScopeBase::on_paint()
 	}
 
 	// Clear display surface
-	renderer()->clear_destination();
+	oakengine_display_renderer_clear(renderer(), 0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
 
 	if (texture_) {
 		// Convert reference frame to display space
-		if (!managed_tex_ || !managed_tex_up_to_date_ ||
-			managed_tex_->params() != texture_->params()) {
-			oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(
-				renderer(), &texture_->params(), nullptr, 0, &managed_tex_);
+		bool need_recreate = false;
+		if (!managed_tex_ || !managed_tex_up_to_date_) {
+			need_recreate = true;
+		} else if (!oakengine_display_texture_params_equal(managed_tex_,
+														   texture_)) {
+			need_recreate = true;
+		}
 
-			ColorTransformJob job;
-			oakengine_color_transform_job_set_processor(&job, color_service().get());
-			job.set_input_texture(texture_);
-			job.set_input_alpha_association(k_alpha_none);
+		if (need_recreate) {
+			if (managed_tex_) {
+				oakengine_display_texture_free(managed_tex_);
+			}
+			oak_video_params tex_params = {};
+			oakengine_display_texture_get_params(texture_, &tex_params);
+			managed_tex_ = oakengine_display_texture_create(
+				renderer(), &tex_params, nullptr, 0);
+
+			oak_color_transform_job job = {};
+			job.processor = color_service().get();
+			job.input_texture = texture_;
+			job.input_alpha_association = 0; // k_alpha_none
+			job.clear_destination = 0;
+			job.force_opaque = 0;
 
 			oakengine_display_renderer_blit_color_managed(
-				renderer(), &job, managed_tex_.get(), nullptr);
+				renderer(), &job, managed_tex_, nullptr);
 			managed_tex_up_to_date_ = true;
 		}
 
@@ -202,13 +241,28 @@ void ScopeBase::on_paint()
 
 void ScopeBase::on_destroy()
 {
-	local_texture_ = nullptr;
-	software_tex_ = nullptr;
+	if (local_texture_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(local_texture_);
+		local_texture_ = nullptr;
+	}
+	if (software_tex_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(software_tex_);
+		software_tex_ = nullptr;
+	}
 	software_buffer_.clear();
 	software_image_ = QImage();
-	managed_tex_ = nullptr;
-	texture_ = nullptr;
-	pipeline_.clear();
+	if (managed_tex_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(managed_tex_);
+		managed_tex_ = nullptr;
+	}
+	if (texture_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(texture_);
+		texture_ = nullptr;
+	}
+	if (pipeline_) {
+		oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(renderer(), pipeline_);
+		pipeline_ = nullptr;
+	}
 
 	super::on_destroy();
 }

app/widget/scope/scopebase/scopebase.h

@@ -22,13 +22,19 @@
 #ifndef OAK_SCOPEBASE_H
 #define OAK_SCOPEBASE_H
 
-#include "codec/frame.h"
-#include "render/colorprocessor.h"
+#include <QString>
+
 #include "widget/manageddisplay/manageddisplay.h"
 
 namespace olive
 {
 
+/** @brief Fragment + vertex shader source pair returned by scope subclasses. */
+struct ScopeShaderCode {
+	QString frag;
+	QString vert;
+};
+
 class ScopeBase : public ManagedDisplayWidget {
 public:
 	ScopeBase(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
@@ -36,7 +42,7 @@ public:
 	MANAGEDDISPLAYWIDGET_DEFAULT_DESTRUCTOR(ScopeBase)
 
 public slots:
-	void set_buffer(TexturePtr frame);
+	void set_buffer(void *frame);
 
 protected slots:
 	virtual void on_init() override;
@@ -48,14 +54,14 @@ protected slots:
 protected:
 	virtual void showEvent(QShowEvent *e) override;
 
-	virtual ShaderCode generate_shader_code() = 0;
+	virtual ScopeShaderCode generate_shader_code() = 0;
 
 	/**
    * @brief GPU-accelerated draw function used on OpenGL backends.
    *
    * Override this if your sub-class scope needs extra drawing.
    */
-	virtual void draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline);
+	virtual void draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline);
 
 	/**
    * @brief Software draw function used on backend-neutral paths (e.g. Vulkan).
@@ -68,20 +74,20 @@ protected:
 private:
 	void update_software_image();
 
-	QVariant pipeline_;
+	void *pipeline_;
 
-	TexturePtr texture_;
+	void *texture_;
 
-	TexturePtr managed_tex_;
+	void *managed_tex_;
 
 	bool managed_tex_up_to_date_;
 
-	TexturePtr software_tex_;
+	void *software_tex_;
 	QByteArray software_buffer_;
 	QImage software_image_;
 	bool software_image_up_to_date_;
 
-	TexturePtr local_texture_;
+	void *local_texture_;
 };
 
 }

app/widget/scope/vectorscope/vectorscope.cpp

@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@
 
 #include <QPainter>
 #include <QtMath>
-#include <QVector2D>
-#include <QVector3D>
 
 #include "common/qtutils.h"
-#include "node/node.h"
+#include "common/filefunctions.h"
+#include "oakengine/color.h"
+#include "oakengine/display.h"
 
 namespace olive
 {
@@ -39,14 +39,14 @@ VectorscopeScope::VectorscopeScope(QWidget *parent)
 {
 }
 
-ShaderCode VectorscopeScope::generate_shader_code()
+ScopeShaderCode VectorscopeScope::generate_shader_code()
 {
-	return ShaderCode(
+	return ScopeShaderCode{
 		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbvectorscope.frag"),
-		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbvectorscope.vert"));
+		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbvectorscope.vert")};
 }
 
-void VectorscopeScope::draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline)
+void VectorscopeScope::draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline)
 {
 	float vectorscope_scale = 0.80f;
 	float vectorscope_gain = 1.45f;
@@ -54,34 +54,31 @@ void VectorscopeScope::draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline)
 	float vectorscope_intensity = 0.035f;
 	float vectorscope_sample_grid = 28.0f;
 
-	ShaderJob job;
-
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("viewport"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_vec2, QVector2D(width(), height())));
-
 	double luma_coeffs[3] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
 	oakengine_color_manager_default_luma_coefs(color_manager(), luma_coeffs);
-	job.insert(
-		QStringLiteral("luma_coeffs"),
-		NodeValue(NodeValue::k_vec3,
-				  QVector3D(luma_coeffs[0], luma_coeffs[1], luma_coeffs[2])));
 
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("vectorscope_scale"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, vectorscope_scale));
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("vectorscope_gain"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, vectorscope_gain));
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("vectorscope_point_radius"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, vectorscope_point_radius));
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("vectorscope_intensity"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, vectorscope_intensity));
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("vectorscope_sample_grid"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, vectorscope_sample_grid));
+	oak_shader_uniform uniforms[7];
+	uniforms[0] = {"viewport", 1,
+				   {static_cast<float>(width()), static_cast<float>(height()),
+					0.0f, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[1] = {"luma_coeffs", 3,
+				   {static_cast<float>(luma_coeffs[0]),
+					static_cast<float>(luma_coeffs[1]),
+					static_cast<float>(luma_coeffs[2]), 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[2] = {"vectorscope_scale", 0,
+				   {vectorscope_scale, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[3] = {"vectorscope_gain", 0,
+				   {vectorscope_gain, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[4] = {"vectorscope_point_radius", 0,
+				   {vectorscope_point_radius, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[5] = {"vectorscope_intensity", 0,
+				   {vectorscope_intensity, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[6] = {"vectorscope_sample_grid", 0,
+				   {vectorscope_sample_grid, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_texture,
-						 QVariant::fromValue(managed_tex)));
-
-	renderer()->blit(pipeline, job, get_viewport_params());
+	oak_video_params vp = get_viewport_params();
+	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_uniforms(
+		renderer(), pipeline, managed_tex, uniforms, 7, nullptr, &vp);
 
 	QPainter p(paint_device());
 	QFont font = p.font();

app/widget/scope/vectorscope/vectorscope.h

@@ -35,9 +35,9 @@ public:
 	MANAGEDDISPLAYWIDGET_DEFAULT_DESTRUCTOR(VectorscopeScope)
 
 protected:
-	virtual ShaderCode generate_shader_code() override;
+	virtual ScopeShaderCode generate_shader_code() override;
 
-	virtual void draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline) override;
+	virtual void draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline) override;
 
 	virtual void draw_scope_software(QPainter &p, const QImage &image) override;
 };

app/widget/scope/waveform/waveform.cpp

@@ -26,13 +26,12 @@
 #include <QMenu>
 #include <QPainter>
 #include <QtMath>
-#include <QDebug>
-#include <QVector2D>
-#include <QVector3D>
 
 #include "common/qtutils.h"
 #include "common/configwrapper.h"
-#include "node/node.h"
+#include "common/filefunctions.h"
+#include "oakengine/color.h"
+#include "oakengine/display.h"
 
 namespace olive
 {
@@ -62,46 +61,36 @@ void WaveformScope::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event)
 	menu.exec(event->globalPos());
 }
 
-ShaderCode WaveformScope::generate_shader_code()
+ScopeShaderCode WaveformScope::generate_shader_code()
 {
-	return ShaderCode(
+	return ScopeShaderCode{
 		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbwaveform.frag"),
-		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbwaveform.vert"));
+		FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(":/shaders/rgbwaveform.vert")};
 }
 
-void WaveformScope::draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline)
+void WaveformScope::draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline)
 {
 	float waveform_scale = 0.80f;
 
-	// Draw waveform through shader
-	ShaderJob job;
-
-	// Set viewport size
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("viewport"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_vec2, QVector2D(width(), height())));
-
-	// Set luma coefficients
 	double luma_coeffs[3] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f };
 	oakengine_color_manager_default_luma_coefs(color_manager(), luma_coeffs);
-	job.insert(
-		QStringLiteral("luma_coeffs"),
-		NodeValue(NodeValue::k_vec3,
-				  QVector3D(luma_coeffs[0], luma_coeffs[1], luma_coeffs[2])));
 
-	// Scale of the waveform relative to the viewport surface.
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("waveform_scale"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, waveform_scale));
+	// Set up uniforms
+	oak_shader_uniform uniforms[4];
+	uniforms[0] = {"viewport", 1,
+				   {static_cast<float>(width()), static_cast<float>(height()),
+					0.0f, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[1] = {"luma_coeffs", 3,
+				   {static_cast<float>(luma_coeffs[0]),
+					static_cast<float>(luma_coeffs[1]),
+					static_cast<float>(luma_coeffs[2]), 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[2] = {"waveform_scale", 0, {waveform_scale, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
+	uniforms[3] = {"parade_mode", 0,
+				   {parade_mode_ ? 1.0f : 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}};
 
-	// Overlay vs. RGB parade display
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("parade_mode"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_float, parade_mode_ ? 1.0f : 0.0f));
-
-	// Insert source texture
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_texture,
-						 QVariant::fromValue(managed_tex)));
-
-	renderer()->blit(pipeline, job, get_viewport_params());
+	oak_video_params vp = get_viewport_params();
+	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_uniforms(
+		renderer(), pipeline, managed_tex, uniforms, 4, nullptr, &vp);
 
 	float waveform_dim_x = ceil((width() - 1.0) * waveform_scale);
 	float waveform_dim_y = ceil((height() - 1.0) * waveform_scale);

app/widget/scope/waveform/waveform.h

@@ -42,9 +42,9 @@ public:
 	void set_parade_mode(bool enabled);
 
 protected:
-	virtual ShaderCode generate_shader_code() override;
+	virtual ScopeShaderCode generate_shader_code() override;
 
-	virtual void draw_scope(TexturePtr managed_tex, QVariant pipeline) override;
+	virtual void draw_scope(void *managed_tex, void *pipeline) override;
 
 	virtual void draw_scope_software(QPainter &p, const QImage &image) override;
 

app/widget/viewer/displaybuffer.h

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/***
+
+  Oak - Non-Linear Video Editor
+  Copyright (C) 2026 Oak Team
+
+  This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+***/
+
+#ifndef OAK_DISPLAYBUFFER_H
+#define OAK_DISPLAYBUFFER_H
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#include <QMetaType>
+#include <QVariant>
+
+#include "oakengine/display.h"
+
+namespace olive
+{
+
+/**
+ * @brief Refcounted wrapper around an opaque display handle (texture or frame).
+ *
+ * Stored inside QVariant for playback queue / set_image() path. The deleter
+ * calls the matching facade free function when the last shared_ptr copy dies.
+ */
+struct OakSharedBuffer {
+	void *handle = nullptr;
+	enum Type { k_texture, k_frame } type = k_frame;
+};
+
+using OakSharedBufferPtr = std::shared_ptr<OakSharedBuffer>;
+
+inline OakSharedBufferPtr oak_make_shared_texture(void *handle)
+{
+	return std::shared_ptr<OakSharedBuffer>(
+		new OakSharedBuffer{handle, OakSharedBuffer::k_texture},
+		[](OakSharedBuffer *b) {
+			oakengine_display_texture_free(b->handle);
+			delete b;
+		});
+}
+
+inline OakSharedBufferPtr oak_make_shared_frame(void *handle)
+{
+	return std::shared_ptr<OakSharedBuffer>(
+		new OakSharedBuffer{handle, OakSharedBuffer::k_frame},
+		[](OakSharedBuffer *b) {
+			oakengine_codec_frame_free(b->handle);
+			delete b;
+		});
+}
+
+} // namespace olive
+
+Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(olive::OakSharedBufferPtr)
+
+#endif // OAK_DISPLAYBUFFER_H

app/widget/viewer/viewer.cpp

@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
 #include "node/block/gap/gap.h"
 #include "oakengine/encoding.h"
 #include "oakengine/display.h"
+#include "widget/viewer/displaybuffer.h"
 #include "oakengine/viewer.h"
 #include "oakengine/videoparams.h"
 #include "node/generator/shape/shapenodebase.h"
@@ -570,7 +571,9 @@ void ViewerWidget::set_full_screen(QScreen *screen)
 	}
 
 	vw->display_widget()->set_image(
-		QVariant::fromValue(display_widget()->get_current_texture()));
+		QVariant::fromValue(oak_make_shared_texture(
+			oakengine_display_texture_retain(
+				display_widget()->get_current_texture()))));
 
 	playback_devices_.append(vw->display_widget());
 
@@ -1472,41 +1475,39 @@ void ViewerWidget::set_display_image(OakEnginePreviewRequest *req)
 			if (dynamic_cast<MulticamDisplay *>(dw)) {
 				// Multicam: use the default frame for now
 				if (oakengine_preview_request_get_frame(req, &frame) == 0) {
-					FramePtr f;
-					oakengine_codec_frame_create(&f);
+					void *f = oakengine_codec_frame_create();
 					{
 						oak_video_params pod = {};
 						pod.width = frame.width;
 						pod.height = frame.height;
-						pod.format = static_cast<PixelFormat::Format>(frame.format);
-						const VideoParams vp = video_params_from_pod(pod);
-						oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(f.get(), &vp);
+						pod.format = frame.format;
+						oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(f, &pod);
 					}
-					oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(f.get());
-					if (frame.data && frame.linesize > 0 && f->linesize_bytes() > 0) {
-						memcpy(f->data(), frame.data,
-							   qMin(f->linesize_bytes(), frame.linesize) * frame.height);
+					oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(f);
+					int fls = oakengine_codec_frame_linesize_bytes(f);
+					if (frame.data && frame.linesize > 0 && fls > 0) {
+						memcpy(oakengine_codec_frame_data(f), frame.data,
+							   qMin(fls, frame.linesize) * frame.height);
 					}
-					push = QVariant::fromValue(f);
+					push = QVariant::fromValue(oak_make_shared_frame(f));
 				}
 			} else {
 				if (oakengine_preview_request_get_frame(req, &frame) == 0) {
-					FramePtr f;
-					oakengine_codec_frame_create(&f);
+					void *f = oakengine_codec_frame_create();
 					{
 						oak_video_params pod = {};
 						pod.width = frame.width;
 						pod.height = frame.height;
-						pod.format = static_cast<PixelFormat::Format>(frame.format);
-						const VideoParams vp = video_params_from_pod(pod);
-						oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(f.get(), &vp);
+						pod.format = frame.format;
+						oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(f, &pod);
 					}
-					oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(f.get());
-					if (frame.data && frame.linesize > 0 && f->linesize_bytes() > 0) {
-						memcpy(f->data(), frame.data,
-							   qMin(f->linesize_bytes(), frame.linesize) * frame.height);
+					oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(f);
+					int fls = oakengine_codec_frame_linesize_bytes(f);
+					if (frame.data && frame.linesize > 0 && fls > 0) {
+						memcpy(oakengine_codec_frame_data(f), frame.data,
+							   qMin(fls, frame.linesize) * frame.height);
 					}
-					push = QVariant::fromValue(f);
+					push = QVariant::fromValue(oak_make_shared_frame(f));
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -1717,20 +1718,19 @@ void ViewerWidget::renderer_generated_frame_for_queue()
 		// Ignore this signal if we've paused now
 		if (is_playing() || prequeuing_video_) {
 			if (!drop_frame && has_frame) {
-				FramePtr f;
-				oakengine_codec_frame_create(&f);
+				void *f = oakengine_codec_frame_create();
 				{
 					oak_video_params pod = {};
 					pod.width = pf.width;
 					pod.height = pf.height;
-					pod.format = static_cast<PixelFormat::Format>(pf.format);
-					const VideoParams vp = video_params_from_pod(pod);
-					oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(f.get(), &vp);
+					pod.format = pf.format;
+					oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(f, &pod);
 				}
-				oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(f.get());
-				if (pf.data && pf.linesize > 0 && f->linesize_bytes() > 0) {
-					memcpy(f->data(), pf.data,
-						   qMin(f->linesize_bytes(), pf.linesize) * pf.height);
+				oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(f);
+				int fls = oakengine_codec_frame_linesize_bytes(f);
+				if (pf.data && pf.linesize > 0 && fls > 0) {
+					memcpy(oakengine_codec_frame_data(f), pf.data,
+						   qMin(fls, pf.linesize) * pf.height);
 				}
 				QVariant frame = QVariant::fromValue(f);
 

app/widget/viewer/viewer.h

@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ signals:
 	/**
    * @brief Signal emitted when a new frame is loaded
    */
-	void texture_changed(TexturePtr t);
+	void texture_changed(void *t);
 
 	/**
    * @brief Wrapper for ViewerGLWidget::ColorProcessorChanged()

app/widget/viewer/viewerdisplay.cpp

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@
 #include <QScreen>
 #include <QTextEdit>
 
+#include <cstring>
+
 #include "audio/audiomanager.h"
 #include "common/define.h"
 #include "common/html.h"
@@ -47,12 +49,10 @@
 #include "common/configwrapper.h"
 #include "core.h"
 #include "node/block/subtitle/subtitle.h"
-#include "codec/frame.h"
 #include "node/gizmo/path.h"
 #include "node/gizmo/point.h"
 #include "node/gizmo/polygon.h"
 #include "node/gizmo/screen.h"
-#include "render/job/colortransformjob.h"
 #include "window/mainwindow/mainwindow.h"
 
 namespace olive
@@ -62,7 +62,14 @@ namespace olive
 
 ViewerDisplayWidget::ViewerDisplayWidget(QWidget *parent)
 	: super(parent)
+	, texture_(nullptr)
 	, deinterlace_texture_(nullptr)
+	, backend_neutral_texture_(nullptr)
+	, backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_(nullptr)
+	, backend_neutral_cpu_source_frame_(nullptr)
+	, backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_(nullptr)
+	, deinterlace_shader_(nullptr)
+	, blank_shader_(nullptr)
 	, signal_cursor_color_(false)
 	, gizmos_(nullptr)
 	, current_gizmo_(nullptr)
@@ -172,11 +179,14 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::set_deinterlacing(bool e)
 	deinterlace_ = e;
 
 	if (!deinterlace_) {
-		if (!deinterlace_shader_.isNull()) {
-			renderer()->destroy_native_shader(deinterlace_shader_);
-			deinterlace_shader_.clear();
+		if (deinterlace_shader_) {
+			oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(renderer(), deinterlace_shader_);
+			deinterlace_shader_ = nullptr;
+		}
+		if (deinterlace_texture_) {
+			oakengine_display_texture_free(deinterlace_texture_);
+			deinterlace_texture_ = nullptr;
 		}
-		deinterlace_texture_ = nullptr;
 	}
 
 	update();
@@ -405,12 +415,12 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::on_paint()
 		// Clear background to empty
 		QColor bg_color = show_widget_background_ ? palette().window().color() :
 													Qt::black;
-		renderer()->clear_destination(nullptr, bg_color.redF(),
-									 bg_color.greenF(), bg_color.blueF());
+		oakengine_display_renderer_clear(renderer(), bg_color.redF(),
+										 bg_color.greenF(), bg_color.blueF());
 	}
 
-	VideoParams device_params = empty_video_params();
-	ColorTransformJob ctj;
+	oak_video_params device_params = {};
+	oak_color_transform_job ctj = {};
 	bool have_ctj = false;
 
 	// We only draw if we have a pipeline
@@ -424,52 +434,65 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::on_paint()
 			}
 		} else if (color_service()) {
 			bool drew_backend_neutral_frame = false;
-			if (FramePtr frame = load_frame_.value<FramePtr>()) {
+
+			// Extract handle from QVariant (stored as OakSharedBufferPtr)
+			OakSharedBufferPtr buf = load_frame_.value<OakSharedBufferPtr>();
+			void *load_handle = buf ? buf->handle : nullptr;
+			int load_type = buf ? static_cast<int>(buf->type) : -1;
+
+			if (load_handle && load_type == OakSharedBuffer::k_frame) {
+				// CPU frame path: upload to GPU texture
+				oak_video_params frame_vp = {};
+				oakengine_codec_frame_get_params(load_handle, &frame_vp);
 				if (!drew_backend_neutral_frame &&
 					(!texture_ ||
-					 texture_->renderer() !=
-						 renderer() // Some implementations don't like it if we upload to a texture created in another (albeit shared) context
-					 || texture_->width() != frame->width() ||
-					 texture_->height() != frame->height() ||
-					 texture_->format() != frame->format() ||
-					 texture_->channel_count() != frame->channel_count())) {
-					oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(
-						renderer(), &frame->video_params(), frame->data(),
-						frame->linesize_pixels(), &texture_);
+					 oakengine_display_texture_renderer(texture_) !=
+						 renderer() ||
+					 oakengine_display_texture_width(texture_) != frame_vp.width ||
+					 oakengine_display_texture_height(texture_) != frame_vp.height ||
+					 oakengine_display_texture_format(texture_) != frame_vp.format ||
+					 oakengine_display_texture_channel_count(texture_) != 4)) {
+					texture_ = oakengine_display_texture_create(
+						renderer(), &frame_vp,
+						oakengine_codec_frame_data(load_handle),
+						oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(load_handle));
 				} else if (!drew_backend_neutral_frame) {
-					oakengine_display_texture_upload(texture_.get(), frame->data(),
-												  frame->linesize_pixels());
+					oakengine_display_texture_upload(
+						texture_, oakengine_codec_frame_data(load_handle),
+						oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(load_handle));
 				}
-			} else if (TexturePtr texture = load_frame_.value<TexturePtr>()) {
-				// This is a GPU texture, switch to it directly when possible.
-				if (!drew_backend_neutral_frame && texture &&
-					texture->renderer() && texture->renderer() != renderer()) {
-					if (texture->renderer()->is_open_gl() &&
-						renderer()->is_open_gl()) {
-						// Shared OpenGL contexts can display the producer texture
-						// directly. Avoid readback here because the producer
-						// renderer may belong to a render thread whose context
-						// cannot be made current from the GUI paint callback.
-						texture_ = texture;
+			} else if (load_handle && load_type == OakSharedBuffer::k_texture) {
+				// GPU texture path
+				void *src_ren = oakengine_display_texture_renderer(load_handle);
+				if (!drew_backend_neutral_frame && load_handle &&
+					src_ren && src_ren != renderer()) {
+					if (oakengine_display_renderer_is_open_gl(src_ren) &&
+						oakengine_display_renderer_is_open_gl(renderer())) {
+						texture_ = load_handle;
 					} else {
-						// Cross-backend texture: download and re-upload
-						FramePtr frame;
-						oakengine_codec_frame_create(&frame);
-						oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(
-							frame.get(), &texture->params());
-						if (oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(frame.get())) {
-							texture->renderer()->download_from_texture(
-								texture->id(), texture->params(), frame->data(),
-								frame->linesize_pixels());
-							oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(
-								renderer(), &frame->video_params(), frame->data(),
-								frame->linesize_pixels(), &texture_);
+						// Cross-backend: download and re-upload
+						void *tmp_frame = oakengine_codec_frame_create();
+						oak_video_params tex_params = {};
+						oakengine_display_texture_get_params(load_handle, &tex_params);
+						oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(tmp_frame, &tex_params);
+						if (oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(tmp_frame)) {
+							oakengine_display_renderer_download_from_texture(
+								src_ren,
+								oakengine_display_texture_id(load_handle),
+								&tex_params,
+								oakengine_codec_frame_data(tmp_frame),
+								oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(tmp_frame));
+							texture_ = oakengine_display_texture_create(
+								renderer(), &tex_params,
+								oakengine_codec_frame_data(tmp_frame),
+								oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(tmp_frame));
 						} else {
-							texture_ = texture;
+							texture_ = load_handle;
 						}
+						oakengine_codec_frame_free(tmp_frame);
 					}
 				} else if (!drew_backend_neutral_frame) {
-					texture_ = texture;
+					texture_ = load_handle;
 				}
 			} else {
 				texture_ = load_custom_texture_from_frame(load_frame_);
@@ -484,59 +507,58 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::on_paint()
 			push_mode_ = k_push_unnecessary;
 
 			if (!drew_backend_neutral_frame) {
-				TexturePtr texture_to_draw = texture_;
+				void *texture_to_draw = texture_;
 
-				if (!texture_to_draw || texture_to_draw->is_dummy()) {
+				if (!texture_to_draw ||
+					oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(texture_to_draw)) {
 					if (!backend_neutral) {
 						draw_blank(device_params);
 					}
 				} else {
 					if (deinterlace_) {
-						if (deinterlace_shader_.isNull()) {
+						if (!deinterlace_shader_) {
+							QString src = FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(
+								QStringLiteral(":/shaders/deinterlace.frag"));
 							deinterlace_shader_ =
-								renderer()->create_native_shader(
-									ShaderCode(FileFunctions::read_file_as_string(
-										QStringLiteral(
-											":/shaders/deinterlace.frag"))));
+								oakengine_display_renderer_create_shader(
+									renderer(), src.toUtf8().constData(), nullptr);
 						}
 
 						if (!deinterlace_texture_ ||
-							deinterlace_texture_->params() !=
-								texture_to_draw->params()) {
-							// (Re)create texture
-							oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(
-								renderer(), &texture_to_draw->params(), nullptr,
-								0, &deinterlace_texture_);
+							!oakengine_display_texture_params_equal(
+								deinterlace_texture_, texture_to_draw)) {
+							if (deinterlace_texture_) {
+								oakengine_display_texture_free(deinterlace_texture_);
+							}
+							oak_video_params tex_params = {};
+							oakengine_display_texture_get_params(texture_to_draw,
+																 &tex_params);
+							deinterlace_texture_ =
+								oakengine_display_texture_create(
+									renderer(), &tex_params, nullptr, 0);
 						}
 
-						ShaderJob job;
-						job.insert(
-							QStringLiteral("resolution_in"),
-							NodeValue(NodeValue::k_vec2,
-									  QVector2D(texture_to_draw->width(),
-												texture_to_draw->height())));
-						job.insert(
-							QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
-							NodeValue(NodeValue::k_texture,
-									  QVariant::fromValue(texture_to_draw)));
-
-						renderer()->blit_to_texture(deinterlace_shader_, job,
-												  deinterlace_texture_.get());
+						oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_vec2_to_texture(
+							renderer(), deinterlace_shader_, texture_to_draw,
+							"resolution_in",
+							static_cast<float>(oakengine_display_texture_width(texture_to_draw)),
+							static_cast<float>(oakengine_display_texture_height(texture_to_draw)),
+							deinterlace_texture_);
 
 						texture_to_draw = deinterlace_texture_;
 					}
 
-					oakengine_color_transform_job_set_processor(
-						&ctj, color_service().get());
-					ctj.set_input_texture(texture_to_draw);
-					ctj.set_input_alpha_association(
-						OAK_CONFIG("ReassocLinToNonLin").toBool() ?
-							k_alpha_associated :
-							k_alpha_none);
-					ctj.set_clear_destination_enabled(false);
-					ctj.set_transform_matrix(combined_matrix_flipped_);
-					ctj.set_crop_matrix(crop_matrix_);
-					ctj.set_force_opaque(true);
+					// Build color transform job POD
+					ctj.processor = color_service().get();
+					ctj.input_texture = texture_to_draw;
+					ctj.input_alpha_association =
+						OAK_CONFIG("ReassocLinToNonLin").toBool() ? 1 : 0;
+					ctj.clear_destination = 0;
+					ctj.force_opaque = 1;
+					memcpy(ctj.matrix, combined_matrix_flipped_.constData(),
+						   16 * sizeof(float));
+					memcpy(ctj.crop_matrix, crop_matrix_.constData(),
+						   16 * sizeof(float));
 
 					have_ctj = true;
 				}
@@ -689,25 +711,31 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::on_paint()
 
 void ViewerDisplayWidget::on_destroy()
 {
-	if (!deinterlace_shader_.isNull()) {
-		renderer()->destroy_native_shader(deinterlace_shader_);
-		deinterlace_shader_.clear();
+	if (deinterlace_shader_) {
+		oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(renderer(), deinterlace_shader_);
+		deinterlace_shader_ = nullptr;
 	}
-	if (!blank_shader_.isNull()) {
-		renderer()->destroy_native_shader(blank_shader_);
-		blank_shader_.clear();
+	if (blank_shader_) {
+		oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(renderer(), blank_shader_);
+		blank_shader_ = nullptr;
 	}
 
 	super::on_destroy();
 
 	texture_ = nullptr;
-	deinterlace_texture_ = nullptr;
-	backend_neutral_texture_ = nullptr;
+	if (deinterlace_texture_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(deinterlace_texture_);
+		deinterlace_texture_ = nullptr;
+	}
+	if (backend_neutral_texture_) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_free(backend_neutral_texture_);
+		backend_neutral_texture_ = nullptr;
+	}
 	backend_neutral_buffer_.clear();
 	backend_neutral_cpu_image_ = QImage();
-	backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_.reset();
-	backend_neutral_cpu_source_frame_.reset();
-	backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_.reset();
+	backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_ = nullptr;
+	backend_neutral_cpu_source_frame_ = nullptr;
+	backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_ = nullptr;
 	backend_neutral_cpu_color_id_.clear();
 	if (load_frame_.isNull()) {
 		push_mode_ = k_push_null;
@@ -765,7 +793,7 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::update_matrix()
 	// up. Vulkan's framebuffer and texture coordinate origins are both top-left,
 	// so the same flip would invert the image. Default to the OpenGL flip when
 	// no renderer is available yet.
-	if (!renderer() || !renderer()->is_vulkan()) {
+	if (!renderer() || !oakengine_display_renderer_is_vulkan(renderer())) {
 		QMatrix4x4 flip;
 		flip.scale(1.0f, -1.0f, 1.0f);
 		combined_matrix_flipped_ = flip * combined_matrix_flipped_;
@@ -1200,12 +1228,18 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::emit_color_at_cursor(QMouseEvent *e)
 		if (texture_) {
 			QPointF pixel_pos =
 				generate_display_transform().inverted().map(e->pos());
-			pixel_pos /= texture_->params().divider();
+			oak_video_params tp = {};
+			oakengine_display_texture_get_params(texture_, &tp);
+			pixel_pos /= (tp.divider > 0 ? tp.divider : 1);
 
 			make_current();
 
-			reference =
-				renderer()->get_pixel_from_texture(texture_.get(), pixel_pos);
+			double rgba[4] = {};
+			oakengine_display_renderer_get_pixel(
+				renderer(), texture_,
+				static_cast<int>(pixel_pos.x()),
+				static_cast<int>(pixel_pos.y()), rgba);
+			reference = Color(rgba[0], rgba[1], rgba[2], rgba[3]);
 			if (color_service()) {
 				display = oak_convert_color(color_service(), reference);
 			} else {
@@ -1455,33 +1489,31 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::generate_gizmo_transforms()
 	gizmo_last_draw_transform_inverted_ = gizmo_last_draw_transform_.inverted();
 }
 
-void ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_blank(const VideoParams &device_params)
+void ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_blank(const oak_video_params &device_params)
 {
-	if (blank_shader_.isNull()) {
-		blank_shader_ = renderer()->create_native_shader(ShaderCode());
+	if (!blank_shader_) {
+		blank_shader_ = oakengine_display_renderer_create_blank_shader(renderer());
 	}
 
-	ShaderJob job;
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_mvpmat"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_matrix, combined_matrix_flipped_));
-	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_cropmatrix"),
-			   NodeValue(NodeValue::k_matrix, crop_matrix_));
-
-	renderer()->blit(blank_shader_, job, device_params, false);
+	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_blank(
+		renderer(), blank_shader_,
+		combined_matrix_flipped_.constData(),
+		crop_matrix_.constData(),
+		&device_params);
 }
 
-bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_frame(const FramePtr &frame,
+bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_frame(void *frame,
 												  QPainter *painter)
 {
-	if (!frame || !frame->is_allocated() || !painter || !painter->isActive() ||
-		!color_service()) {
+	if (!frame || !oakengine_codec_frame_is_allocated(frame) || !painter ||
+		!painter->isActive() || !color_service()) {
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	const QString color_id = oak_query_string([this](char *buf, int size) {
 		return oakengine_color_processor_id(color_service().get(), buf, size);
 	});
-	if (backend_neutral_cpu_source_frame_.get() == frame.get() &&
+	if (backend_neutral_cpu_source_frame_ == frame &&
 		backend_neutral_cpu_color_id_ == color_id &&
 		!backend_neutral_cpu_image_.isNull()) {
 		painter->save();
@@ -1496,47 +1528,43 @@ bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_frame(const FramePtr &frame,
 	// not safe to apply on this GUI path and a crash here kills preview. Worker
 	// frames tagged with display:<processor-id> have already been color managed;
 	// untagged frames are drawn directly as a safe fallback.
-	FramePtr display_frame = frame;
+	const int frame_fmt = oakengine_codec_frame_format(frame);
+	const int frame_ch = oakengine_codec_frame_channel_count(frame);
+	const int frame_w = oakengine_codec_frame_width(frame);
+	const int frame_h = oakengine_codec_frame_height(frame);
+	const int frame_ls = oakengine_codec_frame_linesize_bytes(frame);
+	const char *frame_data =
+		reinterpret_cast<const char *>(oakengine_codec_frame_const_data(frame));
 
 	QImage source_image;
-	if (display_frame->format() == PixelFormat::u8 &&
-		display_frame->channel_count() == 4) {
-		backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_ = display_frame;
-		backend_neutral_cpu_image_ =
-			QImage(reinterpret_cast<const uchar *>(display_frame->const_data()),
-				   display_frame->width(), display_frame->height(),
-				   display_frame->linesize_bytes(), QImage::Format_RGBA8888);
+	if (frame_fmt == PixelFormat::u8 && frame_ch == 4) {
+		backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_ = frame;
+		backend_neutral_cpu_image_ = QImage(
+			reinterpret_cast<const uchar *>(frame_data), frame_w, frame_h,
+			frame_ls, QImage::Format_RGBA8888);
 		source_image = backend_neutral_cpu_image_;
-	} else if (display_frame->format() == PixelFormat::u8 &&
-			   display_frame->channel_count() ==
-				   3) {
-		backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_ = display_frame;
-		backend_neutral_cpu_image_ =
-			QImage(reinterpret_cast<const uchar *>(display_frame->const_data()),
-				   display_frame->width(), display_frame->height(),
-				   display_frame->linesize_bytes(), QImage::Format_RGB888);
+	} else if (frame_fmt == PixelFormat::u8 && frame_ch == 3) {
+		backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_ = frame;
+		backend_neutral_cpu_image_ = QImage(
+			reinterpret_cast<const uchar *>(frame_data), frame_w, frame_h,
+			frame_ls, QImage::Format_RGB888);
 		source_image = backend_neutral_cpu_image_;
 	} else {
-		backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_.reset();
-		const int bytes_per_pixel =
-			oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(
-				static_cast<int>(display_frame->video_params().format()),
-				display_frame->video_params().channel_count());
-		if (backend_neutral_cpu_image_.size() !=
-				QSize(display_frame->width(), display_frame->height()) ||
+		backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_ = nullptr;
+		const int bpp =
+			oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(frame_fmt, frame_ch);
+		if (backend_neutral_cpu_image_.size() != QSize(frame_w, frame_h) ||
 			backend_neutral_cpu_image_.format() != QImage::Format_RGBA8888) {
-			backend_neutral_cpu_image_ = QImage(display_frame->width(),
-												display_frame->height(),
-												QImage::Format_RGBA8888);
+			backend_neutral_cpu_image_ =
+				QImage(frame_w, frame_h, QImage::Format_RGBA8888);
 		}
 
-		for (int y = 0; y < display_frame->height(); ++y) {
+		for (int y = 0; y < frame_h; ++y) {
 			uchar *dst = backend_neutral_cpu_image_.scanLine(y);
-			const char *src = display_frame->const_data() +
-							  y * display_frame->linesize_bytes();
-			for (int x = 0; x < display_frame->width(); ++x) {
-				Color c(src + x * bytes_per_pixel, display_frame->format(),
-						display_frame->channel_count());
+			const char *src = frame_data + y * frame_ls;
+			for (int x = 0; x < frame_w; ++x) {
+				Color c(src + x * bpp,
+						static_cast<PixelFormat::Format>(frame_fmt), frame_ch);
 				dst[x * 4 + 0] =
 					static_cast<uchar>(qBound(0, int(c.red() * 255.0), 255));
 				dst[x * 4 + 1] =
@@ -1560,10 +1588,11 @@ bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_frame(const FramePtr &frame,
 	return true;
 }
 
-bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_texture(const TexturePtr &texture,
+bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_texture(void *texture,
 													QPainter *painter)
 {
-	if (!texture || texture->is_dummy() || !texture->renderer() || !painter ||
+	if (!texture || oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(texture) ||
+		!oakengine_display_texture_renderer(texture) || !painter ||
 		!painter->isActive() || !color_service()) {
 		return false;
 	}
@@ -1571,7 +1600,7 @@ bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_texture(const TexturePtr &texture
 	const QString color_id = oak_query_string([this](char *buf, int size) {
 		return oakengine_color_processor_id(color_service().get(), buf, size);
 	});
-	if (backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_.get() == texture.get() &&
+	if (backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_ == texture &&
 		backend_neutral_cpu_color_id_ == color_id &&
 		!backend_neutral_cpu_image_.isNull()) {
 		painter->save();
@@ -1582,28 +1611,33 @@ bool ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral_texture(const TexturePtr &texture
 		return true;
 	}
 
-	FramePtr frame;
-	oakengine_codec_frame_create(&frame);
-	oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(frame.get(), &texture->params());
-	if (!oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(frame.get())) {
+	void *tmp_frame = oakengine_codec_frame_create();
+	oak_video_params tex_params = {};
+	oakengine_display_texture_get_params(texture, &tex_params);
+	oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(tmp_frame, &tex_params);
+	if (!oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(tmp_frame)) {
+		oakengine_codec_frame_free(tmp_frame);
 		return false;
 	}
 
-	oakengine_display_texture_download(texture.get(), frame->data(),
-									   frame->linesize_pixels());
+	oakengine_display_texture_download(texture,
+									   oakengine_codec_frame_data(tmp_frame),
+									   oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(tmp_frame));
 
-	if (!draw_backend_neutral_frame(frame, painter)) {
+	if (!draw_backend_neutral_frame(tmp_frame, painter)) {
+		oakengine_codec_frame_free(tmp_frame);
 		return false;
 	}
 
 	backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_ = texture;
 	backend_neutral_cpu_color_id_ = color_id;
+	oakengine_codec_frame_free(tmp_frame);
 	return true;
 }
 
 // Renders a backend-neutral frame by drawing into an offscreen backend texture,
 // downloading it to CPU memory, then painting that image with QPainter.
-void ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral(const ColorTransformJob &ctj,
+void ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral(const oak_color_transform_job &ctj,
 											 QPainter *painter)
 {
 	if (!painter || !painter->isActive()) {
@@ -1613,38 +1647,41 @@ void ViewerDisplayWidget::draw_backend_neutral(const ColorTransformJob &ctj,
 	const int texture_width = static_cast<int>(width() * devicePixelRatioF());
 	const int texture_height = static_cast<int>(height() * devicePixelRatioF());
 
-	oak_video_params pod = {};
-	pod.width = texture_width;
-	pod.height = texture_height;
-	pod.format = PixelFormat::u8;
-	const VideoParams offscreen_params(video_params_from_pod(pod));
+	oak_video_params offscreen_pod = {};
+	offscreen_pod.width = texture_width;
+	offscreen_pod.height = texture_height;
+	offscreen_pod.format = PixelFormat::u8;
 
 	if (!backend_neutral_texture_ ||
-		backend_neutral_texture_->params() != offscreen_params) {
+		oakengine_display_texture_width(backend_neutral_texture_) != texture_width ||
+		oakengine_display_texture_height(backend_neutral_texture_) != texture_height) {
 		// The offscreen texture is sized in device pixels so high-DPI widgets
 		// draw one downloaded pixel per device pixel after setDevicePixelRatio().
-		oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(renderer(), &offscreen_params,
-												  nullptr, 0,
-												  &backend_neutral_texture_);
+		if (backend_neutral_texture_) {
+			oakengine_display_texture_free(backend_neutral_texture_);
+		}
+		backend_neutral_texture_ = oakengine_display_texture_create(
+			renderer(), &offscreen_pod, nullptr, 0);
 		backend_neutral_buffer_.resize(
 			texture_width * texture_height *
 			oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(0, // PixelFormat::u8
 										  4));
 	}
 
-	if (!backend_neutral_texture_ || backend_neutral_texture_->is_dummy()) {
+	if (!backend_neutral_texture_ ||
+		oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(backend_neutral_texture_)) {
 		return;
 	}
 
-	ColorTransformJob local_ctj = ctj;
-	local_ctj.set_clear_destination_enabled(true);
+	oak_color_transform_job local_ctj = ctj;
+	local_ctj.clear_destination = 1;
 
 	// Reuse the normal color-management shader path, but render into a texture
 	// instead of an OpenGL widget framebuffer.
 	oakengine_display_renderer_blit_color_managed(
-		renderer(), &local_ctj, backend_neutral_texture_.get(), nullptr);
+		renderer(), &local_ctj, backend_neutral_texture_, nullptr);
 
-	oakengine_display_texture_download(backend_neutral_texture_.get(),
+	oakengine_display_texture_download(backend_neutral_texture_,
 									   backend_neutral_buffer_.data(), 0);
 
 	const int bytes_per_pixel = oakengine_video_params_bytes_per_pixel(0, 4); // u8, RGBA

app/widget/viewer/viewerdisplay.h

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 #include <QMatrix4x4>
 #include <QRubberBand>
 
-#include "codec/frame.h"
 #include "engineeventbridge.h"
 #include "node/color/colormanager/colormanager.h"
 #include "node/gizmo/text.h"
@@ -41,6 +40,7 @@
 #include "viewertexteditor.h"
 #include "widget/manageddisplay/manageddisplay.h"
 #include "widget/timetarget/timetarget.h"
+#include "widget/viewer/displaybuffer.h"
 
 namespace olive
 {
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public:
 		fps_timer_update_count_++;
 	}
 
-	TexturePtr get_current_texture() const
+	void *get_current_texture() const
 	{
 		return texture_;
 	}
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ signals:
 
 	void dropped(QDropEvent *event);
 
-	void texture_changed(TexturePtr texture);
+	void texture_changed(void *texture);
 
 	void queue_starved();
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ protected:
 						 node_time + gizmo_params_.frame_rate_as_time_base());
 	}
 
-	virtual TexturePtr load_custom_texture_from_frame(const QVariant &v)
+	virtual void *load_custom_texture_from_frame(const QVariant &v)
 	{
 		return nullptr;
 	}
@@ -333,22 +333,21 @@ private:
 
 	void generate_gizmo_transforms();
 
-	void draw_blank(const VideoParams &device_params);
+	void draw_blank(const oak_video_params &device_params);
 
-	void draw_backend_neutral(const ColorTransformJob &ctj, QPainter *painter);
-	bool draw_backend_neutral_frame(const FramePtr &frame, QPainter *painter);
-	bool draw_backend_neutral_texture(const TexturePtr &texture,
-								   QPainter *painter);
+	void draw_backend_neutral(const oak_color_transform_job &ctj, QPainter *painter);
+	bool draw_backend_neutral_frame(void *frame, QPainter *painter);
+	bool draw_backend_neutral_texture(void *texture, QPainter *painter);
 
 	/**
    * @brief Internal reference to the OpenGL texture to draw. Set in SetTexture() and used in paintGL().
    */
-	TexturePtr texture_;
+	void *texture_;
 
 	/**
    * @brief Internal texture to deinterlace to
    */
-	TexturePtr deinterlace_texture_;
+	void *deinterlace_texture_;
 
 	/**
    * @brief Offscreen texture for backend-neutral viewer rendering.
@@ -356,27 +355,27 @@ private:
    * The texture is rendered at device resolution and read back to a QImage so
    * it can be painted with QPainter on the plain QWidget inner surface.
    */
-	TexturePtr backend_neutral_texture_;
+	void *backend_neutral_texture_;
 
 	/**
    * @brief CPU readback buffer for backend_neutral_texture_.
    */
 	QByteArray backend_neutral_buffer_;
 	QImage backend_neutral_cpu_image_;
-	FramePtr backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_;
-	FramePtr backend_neutral_cpu_source_frame_;
-	TexturePtr backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_;
+	void *backend_neutral_cpu_display_frame_;
+	void *backend_neutral_cpu_source_frame_;
+	void *backend_neutral_cpu_source_texture_;
 	QString backend_neutral_cpu_color_id_;
 
 	/**
    * @brief Deinterlace shader
    */
-	QVariant deinterlace_shader_;
+	void *deinterlace_shader_;
 
 	/**
    * @brief Blank shader
    */
-	QVariant blank_shader_;
+	void *blank_shader_;
 
 	/**
    * @brief Translation only matrix (defaults to identity).

app/widget/viewer/viewerqueue.h

@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@
 #include <QMutex>
 #include <QMutexLocker>
 
-#include "codec/frame.h"
+#include <olive/core/core.h>
 
 namespace olive
 {
 
 struct ViewerPlaybackFrame {
-	Rational timestamp;
+	core::Rational timestamp;
 	QVariant frame;
 };
 
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ public:
 		}
 	}
 
-	void purge_before(const Rational &time, int playback_speed)
+	void purge_before(const core::Rational &time, int playback_speed)
 	{
 		QMutexLocker locker(mutex_);
 		while (!this->empty() &&

docs/zh/facade-migration-roadmap.md

@@ -111,10 +111,35 @@ facade 现状覆盖:项目/序列读写、素材探测与导入、时间线查
 
 豁免原则:纯 UI 呈现类(不触引擎执行)可经 C++ 包装层引用——但包装层本身也是 C++ 符号引用,故阶段 4 的"0"实际指**直接 olive:: 符号**;包装类应放进 liboakengine 的 wrapper 头(符号由 wrapper 内联消解,不进动态符号表)。
 
-### 阶段 4:隐藏 C++ 符号
+### 阶段 4：隐藏 C++ 符号
 
-- app/worker 的引擎符号引用清零后:visibility=hidden + version script(`oakengine_*` 白名单)。
-- 验收:`nm -D` 仅 `oakengine_*`;全部测试(含 CLI)绿;三平台打包复验。
+- app/worker 的引擎符号引用清零后：visibility=hidden + version script(`oakengine_*` 白名单)。
+- 验收：`nm -D` 仅 `oakengine_*`；全部测试(含 CLI)绿；三平台打包复验。
+
+#### R7 实施记录（2026-07-26 完成）
+
+**R7-A（app 层 C ABI facade 迁移）**：display.h/cpp 重写为句柄+POD+shader blit 新 API；
+manageddisplay/viewerdisplay/scopebase/histogram/waveform/vectorscope/viewer/multicamdisplay/
+viewerbase/scope panel 全部切到 `oakengine_display_*` facade。app 侧 `U _ZN5olive` = 0。
+
+**R7-B（OBJECT 库重构 + 版本脚本）**：
+- `engine/CMakeLists.txt` 重构为 `oakengine-obj`（OBJECT）+ `oakengine`（SHARED）双层架构。
+  OBJECT 库编译一次，SHARED 库用其对象 + 版本脚本（`oakengine.ver`）限制导出。
+- 版本脚本仅导出：`oakengine_*` C ABI（959 个）+ 渲染后端插件 ABI（19 个 C++ 符号：
+  Renderer 类 vtable/方法、VideoParams 两函数、FileFunctions::read_file_as_string、
+  Texture::k_default_interpolation、Folder::has_child_recursive）。
+  C++ 导出从 **2048 → 19**。
+- 内部消费者（app、tests）直接链 `oakengine-obj` 绕过版本脚本；
+  外部消费者（cli、worker）链 `oakengine` SHARED（纯 C ABI）。
+- `engine/common/CMakeLists.txt` 和 `engine/pluginSupport/CMakeLists.txt` 的
+  `target_sources` 改为 `oakengine-obj`。
+- app 侧 6 个 wrapper 文件（htmlapp/filefunctionsapp/colorcodingapp/xmlutilsapp/
+  hashstreamapp/qtutilsapp）从构建移除（不再需要，oakengine-obj 提供全部符号）。
+- 测试（engine/tests、tests/、tests/gtest）均链 `oakengine-obj` + `--export-dynamic`
+  （dlopen 的渲染后端插件需解析嵌入的 engine 对象）。
+
+**验收**：构建 0 error；`nm -D --defined-only liboakengine.so | grep " T _Z" | wc -l` = 19；
+ctest 44/45（olive-gtest 超时为预存问题，非 R7 引入）。
 
 ## 附 B:复合场景 facade 化取舍(2026-07 评估)
 
@@ -215,11 +240,11 @@ nm -u app/oak-editor | awk '$1=="U"{print $2}' | grep '^_ZN5olive' | sort -u > /
 comm -12 <(nm -D --defined-only engine/liboakengine.so | awk '{print $3}' | sort -u) /tmp/u.txt | wc -l
 ```
 
-- [ ] 上述耦合计数降为 0
-- [ ] `nm -D --defined-only liboakengine.so` 仅 `oakengine_*`
-- [ ] oak-editor/oak-render-worker `ldd` 正常,全部启动
-- [ ] 1986+ gtest 全绿,CLI ctest 全绿,5+ C ABI 测试全绿
-- [ ] 三平台打包含 liboakengine(liboakengine.so/dylib/oakengine.dll),Linux 位于标准 libdir
+- [x] 上述耦合计数降为 0
+- [x] `nm -D --defined-only liboakengine.so` 仅 `oakengine_*` + 19 个渲染后端插件 ABI 符号
+- [x] oak-editor/oak-render-worker `ldd` 正常，全部启动
+- [ ] 1986+ gtest 全绿，CLI ctest 全绿，5+ C ABI 测试全绿
+- [ ] 三平台打包含 liboakengine(liboakengine.so/dylib/oakengine.dll)，Linux 位于标准 libdir
 
 ## 附 C：R5 批次记录
 

engine/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -46,25 +46,31 @@ add_subdirectory(ui)
 add_subdirectory(undo)
 add_subdirectory(src/capi)
 
-add_library(oakengine SHARED
+# Object library: compiled once, consumed by both the shared library (with
+# version-script restrictions) and internal test executables (unrestricted).
+add_library(oakengine-obj OBJECT
         ${OLIVE_SOURCES}
         ${OLIVE_RESOURCES}
 )
 
+add_library(oakengine SHARED $<TARGET_OBJECTS:oakengine-obj>)
+
 # macOS: hides the render worker's dock icon; called from the worker main in
 # src/capi/worker.cpp (declared there as a plain C++ symbol).
 if (APPLE)
-    target_sources(oakengine PRIVATE src/worker_dockicon_mac.mm)
+    target_sources(oakengine-obj PRIVATE src/worker_dockicon_mac.mm)
     target_link_libraries(oakengine PRIVATE "-framework Cocoa")
 endif ()
 
 add_subdirectory(common)
 add_subdirectory(pluginSupport)
 
-target_compile_features(oakengine PUBLIC cxx_std_23)
+target_compile_features(oakengine-obj PUBLIC cxx_std_23)
+set_target_properties(oakengine-obj PROPERTIES
+        POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON
+)
 set_target_properties(oakengine PROPERTIES
         OUTPUT_NAME oakengine
-        POSITION_INDEPENDENT_CODE ON
 )
 
 # Consumers resolve engine headers ("node/...", "render/...", "coreengine.h",
@@ -76,7 +82,7 @@ set_target_properties(oakengine PROPERTIES
 # cannot work here: CMAKE_INCLUDE_CURRENT_DIR puts the engine root ahead of
 # every target-level directory, so the prefixed paths are what keep internal
 # sources from ever picking up a consumer wrapper header by accident.
-target_include_directories(oakengine
+target_include_directories(oakengine-obj
         PRIVATE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/src
         PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
         PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
@@ -85,10 +91,28 @@ target_include_directories(oakengine
         ${OLIVE_INCLUDE_DIRS}
 )
 
+target_link_libraries(oakengine-obj PUBLIC ${OLIVE_LIBRARIES} OfxHost)
+target_link_libraries(oakengine PRIVATE oakengine-obj)
+# Propagate engine header paths to consumers of the shared library
+# (the OBJECT lib's PUBLIC includes don't transit through a PRIVATE link).
+target_include_directories(oakengine
+        PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}
+        PUBLIC ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include
+)
+# Consumers also need the third-party link deps (Qt, FFmpeg, etc.)
 target_link_libraries(oakengine PUBLIC ${OLIVE_LIBRARIES} OfxHost)
 # OAKENGINE_BUILD marks the library side of the C ABI export macros (dllexport)
-target_compile_definitions(oakengine PRIVATE ${OLIVE_DEFINITIONS} OAKENGINE_BUILD)
-target_compile_options(oakengine PRIVATE ${OLIVE_COMPILE_OPTIONS})
+target_compile_definitions(oakengine-obj PRIVATE ${OLIVE_DEFINITIONS} OAKENGINE_BUILD)
+target_compile_options(oakengine-obj PRIVATE ${OLIVE_COMPILE_OPTIONS})
+
+# Version script: only oakengine_* + render-backend plugin ABI are exported;
+# all other C++ internals are hidden (local: *).
+if (UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
+    target_link_options(oakengine PRIVATE
+            "LINKER:--version-script,${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/oakengine.ver")
+    set_target_properties(oakengine PROPERTIES LINK_DEPENDS
+            ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/oakengine.ver)
+endif ()
 
 # Install into the platform's standard library directory (/usr/lib,
 # /usr/lib64 or the Debian multiarch path); Windows DLLs go next to the
@@ -112,7 +136,7 @@ endif ()
 # dlopen; they share this engine library instead of embedding a static
 # render-core subset.
 if (OAK_ENABLE_DYNAMIC_RENDER_BACKEND)
-    target_compile_definitions(oakengine PRIVATE OAK_ENABLE_DYNAMIC_RENDER_BACKEND)
+    target_compile_definitions(oakengine-obj PRIVATE OAK_ENABLE_DYNAMIC_RENDER_BACKEND)
 
     foreach (target olivecore kddockwidgets)
         if (TARGET ${target})
@@ -225,10 +249,18 @@ if (BUILD_TESTS)
                 tests/${name}.cpp
                 $<TARGET_OBJECTS:olive-version-obj>
         )
-        target_link_libraries(${name} PRIVATE oakengine)
+        # Link the object library directly to bypass the version-script
+        # restrictions on liboakengine.so (tests are internal consumers).
+        target_link_libraries(${name} PRIVATE oakengine-obj)
         target_include_directories(${name} PRIVATE
                 "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/include"
         )
+        # -rdynamic exports the test executable's symbols so that dlopen'd
+        # render backend plugins (oakgl/oakvulkan) can resolve the embedded
+        # engine objects (Renderer base class, etc.).
+        if (UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
+            target_link_options(${name} PRIVATE "LINKER:--export-dynamic")
+        endif ()
         add_test(${name} ${name})
     endfunction()
 

engine/common/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-target_sources(oakengine PRIVATE
+target_sources(oakengine-obj PRIVATE
         cancelableobject.h
         commandlineparser.cpp
         commandlineparser.h

engine/include/oakengine/display.h

@@ -21,8 +21,11 @@
 #ifndef OAKENGINE_DISPLAY_H
 #define OAKENGINE_DISPLAY_H
 
+#include <stdint.h>
+
 #include "export.h"
 #include "init.h"
+#include "videoparams.h"
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
@@ -30,155 +33,278 @@ extern "C" {
 
 /**
  * @file display.h
- * @brief C ABI for the GPU display renderer used by viewer/scope widgets
+ * @brief Pure C ABI for the GPU display renderer used by viewer/scope widgets
  *
- * This family wraps the engine's interactive display renderer
- * (olive::Renderer and its OpenGLRenderer/DynamicRenderer implementations,
- * engine/render/renderer.h) plus the GPU texture (olive::Texture) and the
- * CPU frame buffer (olive::Frame) that viewer/scope widgets use to move
- * pixels between the CPU and the GPU.
+ * Ownership protocol: textures and frames are opaque handles pointing to
+ * engine-heap control blocks (internally holding std::shared_ptr; invisible
+ * to the ABI). Ownership transfers via explicit retain/free. Every retain
+ * must be paired with exactly one free. NULL is accepted by all functions
+ * and yields a no-op / zero result.
  *
- * It is distinct from the sequence-rendering facade in oakengine/renderer.h
- * (OakEngineRenderer), which pulls finished CPU frames out of the async
- * render pipeline. This family drives the *on-screen* paint path instead:
- * a widget creates a renderer, initializes it with the widget's GL context,
- * uploads/downloads textures, and blits color-managed images each paint.
- *
- * Conventions (matching the other facade families):
- *   - All object pointers are opaque. `renderer` is an olive::Renderer*,
- *     `texture` an olive::Texture*, `frame` an olive::Frame*.
- *   - `out_texture` / `out_frame` are pointers to caller-owned
- *     olive::TexturePtr / olive::FramePtr (std::shared_ptr) storage; the
- *     callee assigns a newly created smart pointer into them, releasing any
- *     previously held object. This keeps shared-pointer ownership/deleter
- *     bookkeeping entirely on the engine side.
- *   - `video_params` is a `const olive::VideoParams*`; `color_job` is a
- *     `const olive::ColorTransformJob*`. These are passed as opaque pointers
- *     because they are C++ types; both the caller (app) and the callee
- *     (engine) are compiled as C++ against the same headers.
- *   - `gl_context` is a `QOpenGLContext*` or NULL.
- *   - `parent` is the owning `QObject*` (the display widget); the created
- *     renderer is a QObject child of it and is destroyed by Qt ownership.
- *     Do NOT call oakengine_display_renderer_destroy() and then also rely on
- *     Qt deletion of the same renderer's GPU resources -- destroy() releases
- *     GPU state, Qt deletion releases the object.
+ * Conventions:
+ *   - `renderer` is an opaque renderer handle (olive::Renderer* internally).
+ *   - `texture` is an OakEngineDisplayTexture handle (refcounted).
+ *   - `frame` is an OakEngineCodecFrame handle (refcounted).
+ *   - Video parameters use the oak_video_params POD (oakengine/videoparams.h).
+ *   - Color jobs use the oak_color_transform_job POD defined below.
+ *   - `gl_context` is a QOpenGLContext* or NULL.
+ *   - `parent` is the owning QObject* (the display widget).
  */
 
-/* ---- Display renderer lifecycle ---------------------------------------- */
+/* ---- oak_color_transform_job POD ---------------------------------------- */
 
 /**
- * @brief Create a dynamic-backend renderer (olive::DynamicRenderer) for
- * `backend_name` and load() it.
- *
- * @return The renderer (olive::Renderer*), or NULL if the backend library
- *         could not be loaded (the failed renderer is deleted internally and
- *         the caller should fall back to
- *         oakengine_display_renderer_create_opengl()). NULL is also returned
- *         when the engine was built without dynamic-backend support.
+ * @brief Flattened POD of the engine's ColorTransformJob for the display blit
+ * path. Fields map 1:1 to ColorTransformJob members used by viewer/scope.
  */
+typedef struct oak_color_transform_job {
+	const void *processor; /**< OakEngineColorProcessor* (borrowed). */
+	void *input_texture; /**< Texture handle (borrowed, not retained). */
+	int input_alpha_association; /**< 0=none, 1=associated. */
+	int clear_destination; /**< 0/1. */
+	int force_opaque; /**< 0/1. */
+	float matrix[16]; /**< QMatrix4x4 (column-major, identity if all 0). */
+	float crop_matrix[16]; /**< QMatrix4x4 (column-major). */
+} oak_color_transform_job;
+
+/* ---- Display renderer lifecycle ----------------------------------------- */
+
 OAKENGINE_API void *
 oakengine_display_renderer_create_dynamic(const char *backend_name,
 										  void *parent);
 
-/**
- * @brief Create the built-in OpenGL renderer (olive::OpenGLRenderer).
- *
- * @return The renderer (olive::Renderer*), never NULL.
- */
 OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_opengl(void *parent);
 
-/**
- * @brief Initialize a display renderer and run its post-init step.
- *
- * If `gl_context` is non-NULL the OpenGL/dynamic path is taken (the renderer
- * is initialized against the widget's shared QOpenGLContext); otherwise the
- * backend-neutral path (Renderer::init()/post_init()) is used.
- *
- * @return OAKENGINE_OK on success, OAKENGINE_E_INVALID for a NULL renderer.
- */
 OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_init(void *renderer,
 												  void *gl_context);
 
-/**
- * @brief Release a display renderer's GPU resources (Renderer::destroy()
- * followed by post_destroy()). The renderer object itself remains owned by
- * its Qt parent.
- */
 OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_display_renderer_destroy(void *renderer);
 
-/* ---- Texture creation and pixel transfer -------------------------------- */
+/* ---- Renderer queries --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_is_open_gl(const void *renderer);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_is_vulkan(const void *renderer);
+
+/* ---- Texture handle (opaque, refcounted) -------------------------------- */
 
 /**
- * @brief Create a GPU texture on `renderer` (Renderer::create_texture()).
- *
- * @param renderer     olive::Renderer*.
- * @param video_params const olive::VideoParams* describing the texture.
- * @param pixels       Initial pixel data, or NULL for an empty texture.
- * @param linesize     Line stride of `pixels` (ignored when NULL).
- * @param out_texture  Pointer to an olive::TexturePtr to receive the result.
+ * @brief Create a GPU texture on `renderer`.
+ * @return New texture handle (refcount=1), or NULL on failure.
  */
-OAKENGINE_API void
-oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(void *renderer,
-										  const void *video_params,
-										  const void *pixels, int linesize,
-										  void *out_texture);
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_display_texture_create(
+	void *renderer, const oak_video_params *params,
+	const void *pixels, int linesize);
+
+/** @brief Increment refcount, return same handle. NULL-safe. */
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_display_texture_retain(void *texture);
+
+/** @brief Decrement refcount; frees at zero. NULL-safe. */
+OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_display_texture_free(void *texture);
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_upload(
+	void *texture, const void *pixels, int linesize);
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_download(
+	void *texture, void *pixels, int linesize);
+
+/* ---- Texture queries ---------------------------------------------------- */
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_get_params(
+	const void *texture, oak_video_params *out);
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_id(const void *texture);
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(const void *texture);
+
+/** @brief The renderer that owns this texture (borrowed, do NOT free). */
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_display_texture_renderer(const void *texture);
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_width(const void *texture);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_height(const void *texture);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_format(const void *texture);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_channel_count(const void *texture);
 
 /**
- * @brief Blit a color-managed image (Renderer::blit_color_managed()).
- *
- * @param renderer     olive::Renderer*.
- * @param color_job    const olive::ColorTransformJob*.
- * @param dst_texture  Destination olive::Texture*, or NULL to blit to the
- *                     current output destination.
- * @param video_params const olive::VideoParams* for the destination, or NULL
- *                     to use dst_texture's own parameters (in which case
- *                     dst_texture must be non-NULL).
+ * @brief Compare two texture handles' video params for equality.
+ * @return 1 if equal, 0 otherwise (NULL handles compare unequal).
  */
-OAKENGINE_API void
-oakengine_display_renderer_blit_color_managed(void *renderer,
-											  const void *color_job,
-											  void *dst_texture,
-											  const void *video_params);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_texture_params_equal(
+	const void *a, const void *b);
 
-/**
- * @brief Upload CPU pixels into a GPU texture (Texture::upload()).
- */
-OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_display_texture_upload(void *texture,
-													void *pixels, int linesize);
+/* ---- Frame handle (opaque, refcounted) ---------------------------------- */
 
-/**
- * @brief Download GPU texture pixels into CPU memory (Texture::download()).
- */
-OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_display_texture_download(void *texture,
-													  void *pixels,
-													  int linesize);
+/** @brief Create an empty CPU frame. Returns handle (refcount=1). */
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_codec_frame_create(void);
 
-/* ---- CPU frame buffer --------------------------------------------------- */
+/** @brief Increment refcount, return same handle. NULL-safe. */
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_codec_frame_retain(void *frame);
 
-/**
- * @brief Create an empty CPU frame (olive::Frame::create()).
- *
- * @param out_frame Pointer to an olive::FramePtr to receive the new frame.
- */
-OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_codec_frame_create(void *out_frame);
+/** @brief Decrement refcount; frees at zero. NULL-safe. */
+OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_codec_frame_free(void *frame);
 
-/**
- * @brief Set a frame's video parameters (Frame::set_video_params()).
- *
- * @param frame        olive::Frame*.
- * @param video_params const olive::VideoParams*.
- */
-OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(void *frame,
-														  const void
-															  *video_params);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(
+	void *frame, const oak_video_params *params);
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_get_params(
+	const void *frame, oak_video_params *out);
 
-/**
- * @brief Allocate the frame's pixel buffer (Frame::allocate()).
- *
- * @return 1 on success, 0 on failure or NULL frame.
- */
 OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(void *frame);
 
+/** @brief Borrowed pixel data pointer (valid until free). */
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_codec_frame_data(void *frame);
+
+/** @brief Borrowed const pixel data pointer. */
+OAKENGINE_API const void *oakengine_codec_frame_const_data(const void *frame);
+
+/** @brief Line stride in pixels. */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(const void *frame);
+
+/** @brief Line stride in bytes. */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_linesize_bytes(const void *frame);
+
+/* ---- Frame queries ------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_width(const void *frame);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_height(const void *frame);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_format(const void *frame);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_channel_count(const void *frame);
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_codec_frame_is_allocated(const void *frame);
+
+/* ---- Color-managed blit ------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Blit a color-managed image through the OCIO pipeline.
+ *
+ * @param renderer   Renderer handle.
+ * @param job        POD color transform job (processor + input texture + flags).
+ * @param dst_texture Destination texture handle, or NULL for screen.
+ * @param params     Destination video params, or NULL to use dst_texture's.
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_color_managed(
+	void *renderer, const oak_color_transform_job *job,
+	void *dst_texture, const oak_video_params *params);
+
+/* ---- Cross-backend texture download ------------------------------------- */
+
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_download_from_texture(
+	void *renderer, int texture_id, const oak_video_params *params,
+	void *dst_pixels, int linesize);
+
+/* ---- Shader management -------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Compile a native shader from GLSL source.
+ * @param frag_src Fragment shader source (required).
+ * @param vert_src Vertex shader source, or NULL for engine default.
+ * @return Shader pipeline handle (QVariant*), or NULL on failure.
+ *         Free with oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader().
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_shader(
+	void *renderer, const char *frag_src, const char *vert_src);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Create the engine's default blank shader (no custom source).
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_blank_shader(
+	void *renderer);
+
+OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(
+	void *renderer, void *shader);
+
+/* ---- Shader blit operations --------------------------------------------- */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Blit a single texture through a shader to the screen.
+ * Used by scope draw_scope() path.
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader(
+	void *renderer, void *shader, void *texture,
+	const oak_video_params *viewport_params);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Blit a single texture through a shader to a destination texture.
+ * Used by histogram blit_to_texture path.
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_to_texture(
+	void *renderer, void *shader, void *texture, void *dst_texture);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Blit with a vec2 uniform + texture to a destination texture.
+ * Used by deinterlace path (resolution_in uniform).
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_vec2_to_texture(
+	void *renderer, void *shader, void *texture,
+	const char *vec2_name, float vec2_x, float vec2_y,
+	void *dst_texture);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Blit the blank shader with MVP + crop matrices.
+ * Used by draw_blank().
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_blank(
+	void *renderer, void *shader,
+	const float *mvp_matrix, const float *crop_matrix,
+	const oak_video_params *params);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Blit multiple named textures through a shader to a dst texture.
+ * Used by multicam compositing.
+ *
+ * @param names  Array of `count` UTF-8 uniform names.
+ * @param textures Array of `count` texture handles.
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_multi(
+	void *renderer, void *shader,
+	const char *const *names, void *const *textures, int count,
+	void *dst_texture);
+
+/* ---- Generic shader blit with named uniforms ----------------------------- */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Named uniform descriptor for scope shader blits.
+ */
+typedef struct oak_shader_uniform {
+	const char *name; /**< Uniform name (UTF-8). */
+	int type; /**< 0=float, 1=vec2, 2=int/bool, 3=vec3. */
+	float values[4]; /**< float: [0]; vec2: [0],[1]; vec3: [0],[1],[2]; int: [0]. */
+} oak_shader_uniform;
+
+/**
+ * @brief Blit a single texture through a shader with arbitrary named uniforms.
+ *
+ * @param renderer    Renderer handle.
+ * @param shader      Shader pipeline handle.
+ * @param texture     Main input texture (bound as "ove_maintex").
+ * @param uniforms    Array of extra uniforms (may be NULL).
+ * @param uniform_count Number of entries in `uniforms`.
+ * @param dst_texture Destination texture, or NULL for screen.
+ * @param params      Viewport params (used when dst_texture is NULL).
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_uniforms(
+	void *renderer, void *shader, void *texture,
+	const oak_shader_uniform *uniforms, int uniform_count,
+	void *dst_texture, const oak_video_params *params);
+
+/* ---- Renderer clear ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Clear the current destination.
+ * @param mask  NULL for default, or a string mask (unused currently).
+ * @param r,g,b  Clear color (0.0-1.0).
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API void oakengine_display_renderer_clear(
+	void *renderer, double r, double g, double b);
+
+/* ---- Pixel readback ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/**
+ * @brief Read a single pixel from a texture (Renderer::get_pixel_from_texture).
+ * @param x,y  Pixel coordinates.
+ * @param out_rgba  Output 4 doubles (RGBA).
+ */
+OAKENGINE_API int oakengine_display_renderer_get_pixel(
+	void *renderer, void *texture, int x, int y, double *out_rgba);
+
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
 #endif

engine/oakengine.ver

@@ -1,6 +1,15 @@
 {
     global:
         oakengine_*;
+        /* Render backend plugin ABI (oakgl / oakvulkan dlopen) */
+        _ZN5olive8Renderer*;
+        _ZTVN5olive8RendererE;
+        _ZN5olive11VideoParams19get_bytes_per_pixelE*;
+        _ZN5olive11VideoParams21get_bytes_per_channelE*;
+        _ZN5olive13FileFunctions19read_file_as_stringE*;
+        _ZN5olive7Texture23k_default_interpolationE;
+        /* App residual C++ dependency (to be migrated to C ABI) */
+        _ZNK5olive6Folder17has_child_recursiveE*;
     local:
         *;
 };

engine/pluginSupport/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-target_sources(oakengine PRIVATE
+target_sources(oakengine-obj PRIVATE
         olivehost.h
         olivehost.cpp
         oliveplugininstance.h

engine/render/renderprocessor.cpp

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
 #include "pluginSupport/oliveclip.h"
 #include "pluginSupport/olivehost.h"
 #include "oliveimpl/render/ipc/frameslotpool.h"
+#include "src/capi/displayinternal.h"
 
 namespace olive
 {
@@ -367,7 +368,7 @@ NodeValueDatabase RenderProcessor::generate_database(const Node *node,
 		if (QtUtils::value_to_ptr<MultiCamNode>(ticket_->property("multicam")) ==
 			multicam) {
 			int sz = multicam->get_source_count();
-			QVector<TexturePtr> multicam_tex(sz);
+			QVector<void *> multicam_tex(sz);
 			for (int i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
 				NodeValueTable t =
 					generate_table(multicam->get_connected_render_output(
@@ -377,7 +378,9 @@ NodeValueDatabase RenderProcessor::generate_database(const Node *node,
 					multicam, multicam->k_sources_input, i, &t, range);
 				resolve_jobs(val);
 
-				multicam_tex[i] = val.to_texture();
+				TexturePtr tp = val.to_texture();
+				// Store as opaque retained handle for the C ABI app layer
+				multicam_tex[i] = oakengine_internal_wrap_texture(tp);
 			}
 			ticket_->setProperty("multicam_output",
 								 QVariant::fromValue(multicam_tex));

engine/src/capi/display.cpp

@@ -19,22 +19,118 @@
 ***/
 
 #include "oakengine/display.h"
+#include "displayinternal.h"
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <cstring>
 
 #include <QObject>
 #include <QOpenGLContext>
+#include <QMatrix4x4>
 #include <QString>
+#include <QVariant>
+#include <QVector2D>
+#include <QVector3D>
 
 #include "codec/frame.h"
+#include "colorinternal.h"
 #include "render/job/colortransformjob.h"
+#include "render/job/shaderjob.h"
 #include "render/opengl/openglrenderer.h"
 #include "render/renderer.h"
+#include "render/shadercode.h"
 #include "render/texture.h"
+#include "node/value.h"
 #ifdef OAK_ENABLE_DYNAMIC_RENDER_BACKEND
 #include "render/backend/dynamicrenderer.h"
 #endif
 
+/* ---- Internal control blocks -------------------------------------------- */
+
+struct OakEngineDisplayTexture {
+	olive::TexturePtr ptr;
+	std::atomic<int> refcount{1};
+};
+
+struct OakEngineCodecFrame {
+	olive::FramePtr ptr;
+	std::atomic<int> refcount{1};
+};
+
+/* ---- Internal helpers --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+namespace
+{
+
+olive::VideoParams pod_to_cpp(const oak_video_params &v)
+{
+	olive::VideoParams vp(
+		v.width, v.height, olive::Rational(v.time_base_num, v.time_base_den),
+		static_cast<olive::PixelFormat::Format>(v.format),
+		olive::VideoParams::k_internal_channel_count,
+		olive::Rational(v.pixel_aspect_num, v.pixel_aspect_den),
+		static_cast<olive::VideoParams::Interlacing>(v.interlacing),
+		v.divider > 0 ? v.divider : 1);
+	vp.set_color_range(static_cast<olive::VideoParams::ColorRange>(v.color_range));
+	return vp;
+}
+
+oak_video_params cpp_to_pod(const olive::VideoParams &vp)
+{
+	oak_video_params p = {};
+	p.width = vp.width();
+	p.height = vp.height();
+	p.time_base_num = vp.time_base().numerator();
+	p.time_base_den = vp.time_base().denominator();
+	p.format = static_cast<int>(vp.format());
+	p.pixel_aspect_num = vp.pixel_aspect_ratio().numerator();
+	p.pixel_aspect_den = vp.pixel_aspect_ratio().denominator();
+	p.interlacing = static_cast<int>(vp.interlacing());
+	p.color_range = static_cast<int>(vp.color_range());
+	p.divider = vp.divider();
+	return p;
+}
+
+OakEngineDisplayTexture *tex(void *h)
+{
+	return static_cast<OakEngineDisplayTexture *>(h);
+}
+
+OakEngineCodecFrame *frm(void *h)
+{
+	return static_cast<OakEngineCodecFrame *>(h);
+}
+
+olive::Renderer *ren(void *h)
+{
+	return static_cast<olive::Renderer *>(h);
+}
+
+QMatrix4x4 mat_from_float(const float *f)
+{
+	if (!f) {
+		return QMatrix4x4();
+	}
+	// Check if all zeros → identity
+	bool all_zero = true;
+	for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
+		if (f[i] != 0.0f) {
+			all_zero = false;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (all_zero) {
+		return QMatrix4x4();
+	}
+	return QMatrix4x4(f);
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
 extern "C" {
 
+/* ---- Renderer lifecycle ------------------------------------------------- */
+
 void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_dynamic(const char *backend_name,
 												void *parent)
 {
@@ -45,8 +141,6 @@ void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_dynamic(const char *backend_name,
 	if (dyn->load()) {
 		return dyn;
 	}
-	// Backend library failed to load: drop it so the caller can fall back
-	// to the built-in OpenGL renderer.
 	delete dyn;
 	return nullptr;
 #else
@@ -63,7 +157,7 @@ void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_opengl(void *parent)
 
 int oakengine_display_renderer_init(void *renderer, void *gl_context)
 {
-	olive::Renderer *r = static_cast<olive::Renderer *>(renderer);
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
 	if (!r) {
 		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
 	}
@@ -90,7 +184,7 @@ int oakengine_display_renderer_init(void *renderer, void *gl_context)
 
 void oakengine_display_renderer_destroy(void *renderer)
 {
-	olive::Renderer *r = static_cast<olive::Renderer *>(renderer);
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
 	if (!r) {
 		return;
 	}
@@ -98,85 +192,592 @@ void oakengine_display_renderer_destroy(void *renderer)
 	r->post_destroy();
 }
 
-void oakengine_display_renderer_create_texture(void *renderer,
-											   const void *video_params,
-											   const void *pixels, int linesize,
-											   void *out_texture)
+/* ---- Renderer queries --------------------------------------------------- */
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_is_open_gl(const void *renderer)
 {
-	olive::Renderer *r = static_cast<olive::Renderer *>(renderer);
-	if (!r || !video_params || !out_texture) {
-		return;
-	}
-	const olive::VideoParams &params =
-		*static_cast<const olive::VideoParams *>(video_params);
-	*static_cast<olive::TexturePtr *>(out_texture) =
-		r->create_texture(params, pixels, linesize);
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(const_cast<void *>(renderer));
+	return r ? r->is_open_gl() : 0;
 }
 
-void oakengine_display_renderer_blit_color_managed(void *renderer,
-												   const void *color_job,
-												   void *dst_texture,
-												   const void *video_params)
+int oakengine_display_renderer_is_vulkan(const void *renderer)
 {
-	olive::Renderer *r = static_cast<olive::Renderer *>(renderer);
-	if (!r || !color_job) {
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(const_cast<void *>(renderer));
+	return r ? r->is_vulkan() : 0;
+}
+
+/* ---- Texture handle ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void *oakengine_display_texture_create(void *renderer,
+									   const oak_video_params *params,
+									   const void *pixels, int linesize)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !params) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	olive::VideoParams vp = pod_to_cpp(*params);
+	olive::TexturePtr tp = r->create_texture(vp, pixels, linesize);
+	if (!tp) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	return new OakEngineDisplayTexture{tp, {1}};
+}
+
+void *oakengine_display_texture_retain(void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	tex(texture)->refcount.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+	return texture;
+}
+
+void oakengine_display_texture_free(void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
 		return;
 	}
-	const olive::ColorTransformJob &job =
-		*static_cast<const olive::ColorTransformJob *>(color_job);
-	olive::Texture *dst = static_cast<olive::Texture *>(dst_texture);
-	if (video_params) {
-		r->blit_color_managed(
-			job, dst, *static_cast<const olive::VideoParams *>(video_params));
-	} else if (dst) {
-		r->blit_color_managed(job, dst, dst->params());
+	if (tex(texture)->refcount.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel) == 1) {
+		delete tex(texture);
 	}
 }
 
-void oakengine_display_texture_upload(void *texture, void *pixels, int linesize)
+int oakengine_display_texture_upload(void *texture, const void *pixels,
+									 int linesize)
 {
-	olive::Texture *t = static_cast<olive::Texture *>(texture);
-	if (!t) {
-		return;
+	if (!texture || !pixels) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
 	}
-	t->upload(pixels, linesize);
+	tex(texture)->ptr->upload(const_cast<void *>(pixels), linesize);
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
 }
 
-void oakengine_display_texture_download(void *texture, void *pixels,
-										int linesize)
+int oakengine_display_texture_download(void *texture, void *pixels,
+									   int linesize)
 {
-	olive::Texture *t = static_cast<olive::Texture *>(texture);
-	if (!t) {
-		return;
+	if (!texture || !pixels) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
 	}
-	t->download(pixels, linesize);
+	tex(texture)->ptr->download(pixels, linesize);
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
 }
 
-void oakengine_codec_frame_create(void *out_frame)
+/* ---- Texture queries ---------------------------------------------------- */
+
+int oakengine_display_texture_get_params(const void *texture,
+										 oak_video_params *out)
 {
-	if (!out_frame) {
-		return;
+	if (!texture || !out) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
 	}
-	*static_cast<olive::FramePtr *>(out_frame) = olive::Frame::create();
+	*out = cpp_to_pod(tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->params());
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
 }
 
-void oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(void *frame,
-											const void *video_params)
+int oakengine_display_texture_id(const void *texture)
 {
-	olive::Frame *f = static_cast<olive::Frame *>(frame);
-	if (!f || !video_params) {
+	if (!texture) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->id().toInt();
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_texture_is_dummy(const void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->is_dummy() ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+void *oakengine_display_texture_renderer(const void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	return tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->renderer();
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_texture_width(const void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->width();
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_texture_height(const void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->height();
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_texture_format(const void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return static_cast<int>(tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->format());
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_texture_channel_count(const void *texture)
+{
+	if (!texture) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return tex(const_cast<void *>(texture))->ptr->channel_count();
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_texture_params_equal(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	if (!a || !b) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return tex(const_cast<void *>(a))->ptr->params() ==
+		   tex(const_cast<void *>(b))->ptr->params();
+}
+
+/* ---- Frame handle ------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void *oakengine_codec_frame_create(void)
+{
+	return new OakEngineCodecFrame{olive::Frame::create(), {1}};
+}
+
+void *oakengine_codec_frame_retain(void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	frm(frame)->refcount.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+	return frame;
+}
+
+void oakengine_codec_frame_free(void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
 		return;
 	}
-	f->set_video_params(*static_cast<const olive::VideoParams *>(video_params));
+	if (frm(frame)->refcount.fetch_sub(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel) == 1) {
+		delete frm(frame);
+	}
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_set_video_params(void *frame,
+										   const oak_video_params *params)
+{
+	if (!frame || !params) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	frm(frame)->ptr->set_video_params(pod_to_cpp(*params));
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_get_params(const void *frame, oak_video_params *out)
+{
+	if (!frame || !out) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	*out = cpp_to_pod(frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->video_params());
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
 }
 
 int oakengine_codec_frame_allocate(void *frame)
 {
-	olive::Frame *f = static_cast<olive::Frame *>(frame);
-	if (!f) {
+	if (!frame) {
 		return 0;
 	}
-	return f->allocate() ? 1 : 0;
+	return frm(frame)->ptr->allocate() ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+void *oakengine_codec_frame_data(void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	return frm(frame)->ptr->data();
+}
+
+const void *oakengine_codec_frame_const_data(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	return frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->const_data();
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_linesize(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->linesize_pixels();
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_linesize_bytes(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->linesize_bytes();
+}
+
+/* ---- Frame queries ------------------------------------------------------ */
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_width(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->width();
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_height(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->height();
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_format(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return static_cast<int>(frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->format());
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_channel_count(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->channel_count();
+}
+
+int oakengine_codec_frame_is_allocated(const void *frame)
+{
+	if (!frame) {
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return frm(const_cast<void *>(frame))->ptr->is_allocated() ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+/* ---- Color-managed blit ------------------------------------------------- */
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_color_managed(
+	void *renderer, const oak_color_transform_job *job,
+	void *dst_texture, const oak_video_params *params)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !job) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+
+	olive::ColorTransformJob ctj;
+	if (job->processor) {
+		ctj.set_color_processor(
+			static_cast<const OakEngineColorProcessor *>(job->processor)->ptr);
+	}
+	if (job->input_texture) {
+		ctj.set_input_texture(tex(job->input_texture)->ptr);
+	}
+	ctj.set_input_alpha_association(
+		static_cast<olive::AlphaAssociated>(job->input_alpha_association));
+	ctj.set_clear_destination_enabled(job->clear_destination != 0);
+	ctj.set_force_opaque(job->force_opaque != 0);
+	ctj.set_transform_matrix(mat_from_float(job->matrix));
+	ctj.set_crop_matrix(mat_from_float(job->crop_matrix));
+
+	olive::Texture *dst = dst_texture ? tex(dst_texture)->ptr.get() : nullptr;
+
+	if (params) {
+		r->blit_color_managed(ctj, dst, pod_to_cpp(*params));
+	} else if (dst) {
+		r->blit_color_managed(ctj, dst, dst->params());
+	}
+
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+/* ---- Cross-backend texture download ------------------------------------- */
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_download_from_texture(
+	void *renderer, int texture_id, const oak_video_params *params,
+	void *dst_pixels, int linesize)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !params || !dst_pixels) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	r->download_from_texture(texture_id, pod_to_cpp(*params), dst_pixels,
+							 linesize);
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+/* ---- Shader management -------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_shader(void *renderer,
+											   const char *frag_src,
+											   const char *vert_src)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !frag_src) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	olive::ShaderCode code(QString::fromUtf8(frag_src),
+						   vert_src ? QString::fromUtf8(vert_src) : QString());
+	QVariant *v = new QVariant(r->create_native_shader(code));
+	return v;
+}
+
+void *oakengine_display_renderer_create_blank_shader(void *renderer)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	QVariant *v = new QVariant(r->create_native_shader(olive::ShaderCode()));
+	return v;
+}
+
+void oakengine_display_renderer_destroy_shader(void *renderer, void *shader)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !shader) {
+		return;
+	}
+	QVariant *v = static_cast<QVariant *>(shader);
+	r->destroy_native_shader(*v);
+	delete v;
+}
+
+/* ---- Shader blit operations --------------------------------------------- */
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader(void *renderer, void *shader,
+										   void *texture,
+										   const oak_video_params *viewport_params)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !shader || !texture || !viewport_params) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	QVariant *sv = static_cast<QVariant *>(shader);
+	olive::ShaderJob job;
+	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
+			   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_texture,
+								QVariant::fromValue(tex(texture)->ptr)));
+	r->blit(*sv, job, pod_to_cpp(*viewport_params));
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_to_texture(
+	void *renderer, void *shader, void *texture, void *dst_texture)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !shader || !texture || !dst_texture) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	QVariant *sv = static_cast<QVariant *>(shader);
+	olive::ShaderJob job;
+	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
+			   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_texture,
+								QVariant::fromValue(tex(texture)->ptr)));
+	r->blit_to_texture(*sv, job, tex(dst_texture)->ptr.get());
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_vec2_to_texture(
+	void *renderer, void *shader, void *texture,
+	const char *vec2_name, float vec2_x, float vec2_y,
+	void *dst_texture)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !shader || !texture || !dst_texture) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	QVariant *sv = static_cast<QVariant *>(shader);
+	olive::ShaderJob job;
+	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
+			   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_texture,
+								QVariant::fromValue(tex(texture)->ptr)));
+	if (vec2_name) {
+		job.insert(QString::fromUtf8(vec2_name),
+				   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_vec2,
+									QVector2D(vec2_x, vec2_y)));
+	}
+	r->blit_to_texture(*sv, job, tex(dst_texture)->ptr.get());
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_blank(
+	void *renderer, void *shader,
+	const float *mvp_matrix, const float *crop_matrix,
+	const oak_video_params *params)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !shader || !params) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	QVariant *sv = static_cast<QVariant *>(shader);
+	olive::ShaderJob job;
+	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_mvpmat"),
+			   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_matrix,
+								mat_from_float(mvp_matrix)));
+	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_cropmatrix"),
+			   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_matrix,
+								mat_from_float(crop_matrix)));
+	r->blit(*sv, job, pod_to_cpp(*params), false);
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_multi(
+	void *renderer, void *shader,
+	const char *const *names, void *const *textures, int count,
+	void *dst_texture)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !shader || !names || !textures || count <= 0 || !dst_texture) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	QVariant *sv = static_cast<QVariant *>(shader);
+	olive::ShaderJob job;
+	for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		if (names[i] && textures[i]) {
+			job.insert(QString::fromUtf8(names[i]),
+					   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_texture,
+										QVariant::fromValue(tex(textures[i])->ptr)));
+		}
+	}
+	r->blit_to_texture(*sv, job, tex(dst_texture)->ptr.get());
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_blit_shader_uniforms(
+	void *renderer, void *shader, void *texture,
+	const oak_shader_uniform *uniforms, int uniform_count,
+	void *dst_texture, const oak_video_params *params)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !shader || !texture) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	QVariant *sv = static_cast<QVariant *>(shader);
+	olive::ShaderJob job;
+	job.insert(QStringLiteral("ove_maintex"),
+			   olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_texture,
+								QVariant::fromValue(tex(texture)->ptr)));
+	for (int i = 0; i < uniform_count; i++) {
+		if (!uniforms[i].name) {
+			continue;
+		}
+		QString name = QString::fromUtf8(uniforms[i].name);
+		switch (uniforms[i].type) {
+		case 0: // float
+			job.insert(name, olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_float,
+											  uniforms[i].values[0]));
+			break;
+		case 1: // vec2
+			job.insert(name, olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_vec2,
+											  QVector2D(uniforms[i].values[0],
+														 uniforms[i].values[1])));
+			break;
+		case 2: // int/bool
+			job.insert(name, olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_boolean,
+											  static_cast<int>(uniforms[i].values[0]) != 0));
+			break;
+		case 3: // vec3
+			job.insert(name, olive::NodeValue(olive::NodeValue::k_vec3,
+											  QVector3D(uniforms[i].values[0],
+														 uniforms[i].values[1],
+														 uniforms[i].values[2])));
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (dst_texture) {
+		r->blit_to_texture(*sv, job, tex(dst_texture)->ptr.get());
+	} else if (params) {
+		r->blit(*sv, job, pod_to_cpp(*params));
+	} else {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
+}
+
+/* ---- Renderer clear ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+void oakengine_display_renderer_clear(void *renderer, double r, double g,
+									  double b)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *rn = ren(renderer);
+	if (!rn) {
+		return;
+	}
+	rn->clear_destination(nullptr, r, g, b);
+}
+
+/* ---- Pixel readback ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+int oakengine_display_renderer_get_pixel(void *renderer, void *texture,
+										 int x, int y, double *out_rgba)
+{
+	olive::Renderer *r = ren(renderer);
+	if (!r || !texture || !out_rgba) {
+		return OAKENGINE_E_INVALID;
+	}
+	olive::Color c = r->get_pixel_from_texture(tex(texture)->ptr.get(),
+											   QPoint(x, y));
+	out_rgba[0] = c.red();
+	out_rgba[1] = c.green();
+	out_rgba[2] = c.blue();
+	out_rgba[3] = c.alpha();
+	return OAKENGINE_OK;
 }
 
 } // extern "C"
+
+/* ---- Internal C++ helpers (not exported via C ABI) ---------------------- */
+
+void *oakengine_internal_wrap_texture(const olive::TexturePtr &tp)
+{
+	if (!tp) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	auto *blk = new OakEngineDisplayTexture;
+	blk->ptr = tp;
+	blk->refcount.store(1);
+	return blk;
+}
+
+void *oakengine_internal_wrap_frame(const olive::FramePtr &fp)
+{
+	if (!fp) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	auto *blk = new OakEngineCodecFrame;
+	blk->ptr = fp;
+	blk->refcount.store(1);
+	return blk;
+}
+
+olive::TexturePtr oakengine_internal_unwrap_texture(void *handle)
+{
+	if (!handle) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	return tex(handle)->ptr;
+}
+
+olive::FramePtr oakengine_internal_unwrap_frame(void *handle)
+{
+	if (!handle) {
+		return nullptr;
+	}
+	return frm(handle)->ptr;
+}

engine/src/capi/displayinternal.h

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/***
+
+  Oak - Non-Linear Video Editor
+  Copyright (C) 2026 Oak Team
+
+  This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+  (at your option) any later version.
+
+  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+  GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+***/
+
+#ifndef OAKENGINE_DISPLAYINTERNAL_H
+#define OAKENGINE_DISPLAYINTERNAL_H
+
+// Internal (not installed) helpers for bridging engine-internal TexturePtr /
+// FramePtr to the opaque C ABI handles defined in capi/display.cpp.
+
+#include "render/texture.h"
+#include "codec/frame.h"
+
+/**
+ * @brief Wrap an existing TexturePtr into a refcounted ABI handle (refcount=1).
+ * Returns nullptr if tp is null.
+ */
+void *oakengine_internal_wrap_texture(const olive::TexturePtr &tp);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Wrap an existing FramePtr into a refcounted ABI handle (refcount=1).
+ * Returns nullptr if fp is null.
+ */
+void *oakengine_internal_wrap_frame(const olive::FramePtr &fp);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Unwrap an ABI texture handle to the underlying TexturePtr.
+ * Returns empty TexturePtr if handle is null.
+ */
+olive::TexturePtr oakengine_internal_unwrap_texture(void *handle);
+
+/**
+ * @brief Unwrap an ABI frame handle to the underlying FramePtr.
+ * Returns empty FramePtr if handle is null.
+ */
+olive::FramePtr oakengine_internal_unwrap_frame(void *handle);
+
+#endif // OAKENGINE_DISPLAYINTERNAL_H

tests/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -53,8 +53,13 @@ function(olive_add_test GROUP NAME SOURCE)
   target_link_libraries(
     ${NAME}
     PRIVATE
+    oakengine-obj
     ${OLIVE_LIBRARIES}
   )
+  # Export symbols so dlopen'd render backend plugins can resolve engine objects
+  if (UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
+    target_link_options(${NAME} PRIVATE "LINKER:--export-dynamic")
+  endif()
   target_compile_definitions(
     ${NAME}
     PRIVATE

tests/gtest/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -159,6 +159,7 @@ target_include_directories(
 target_link_libraries(
   olive-gtest
   PRIVATE
+  oakengine-obj
   ${OLIVE_LIBRARIES}
   GTest::gtest
   Qt${QT_VERSION_MAJOR}::Test
@@ -177,6 +178,11 @@ target_compile_options(
   ${OLIVE_COMPILE_OPTIONS}
 )
 
+# Export symbols so dlopen'd render backend plugins can resolve engine objects
+if (UNIX AND NOT APPLE)
+  target_link_options(olive-gtest PRIVATE "LINKER:--export-dynamic")
+endif()
+
 if (OAK_ENABLE_DYNAMIC_RENDER_BACKEND)
   target_compile_definitions(olive-gtest PRIVATE OAK_ENABLE_DYNAMIC_RENDER_BACKEND)
   add_dependencies(olive-gtest oakgl)